feat(core): Modernize Ubuntu base, NVM, Node.js, and MongoDB

Ubuntu 24.04 upgrade:
- Upgrade base from ubuntu:20.04 to ubuntu:24.04
- Remove Python 2 (EOL since 2020), keep Python 3
- Replace deprecated packages for 24.04 compatibility:
  gconf-service/libgconf-2-4 removed, libgcc1 → libgcc-s1,
  libappindicator1 → libayatana-appindicator3-1,
  libasound2 → libasound2t64
- Add libgbm1 and libatk-bridge2.0-0 for Chrome/Puppeteer

NVM & Node.js:
- Upgrade NVM from v0.33.8 to v0.40.1
- Upgrade Node.js from v20.x to v24.13.0 LTS across all images

MongoDB:
- Upgrade from 4.4 to 8.0
- Use modern gpg keyring approach instead of deprecated apt-key
- Update repository from bionic to noble

Dockerfile

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-FROM ubuntu:20.04
+FROM ubuntu:24.04
 LABEL author="Task Venture Capital GmbH <hello@task.vc>"
 
 WORKDIR /workspace
 # important environment variables 
-ENV NODE_VERSION_LTS="20.12.2" NODE_VERSION_STABLE="20.12.2" NVM_DIR="/usr/local/nvm"
+ENV NODE_VERSION_LTS="24.13.0" NODE_VERSION_STABLE="24.13.0" NVM_DIR="/usr/local/nvm"
 
 # Set debconf to run non-interactively and install packages
 RUN echo 'debconf debconf/frontend select Noninteractive' | debconf-set-selections \
@@ -22,24 +22,23 @@ RUN echo 'debconf debconf/frontend select Noninteractive' | debconf-set-selectio
         git \
         make \
         openssl \
-        python \
         python3 \
         rsync \
         ssh \
         wget \
         unzip \
         # puppeteer
-        gconf-service \
-        libasound2 \
+        libasound2t64 \
         libatk1.0-0 \
+        libatk-bridge2.0-0 \
         libc6 \
         libcairo2 \
         libcups2 \
         libdbus-1-3 \
         libexpat1 \
         libfontconfig1 \
-        libgcc1 \
-        libgconf-2-4 \
+        libgbm1 \
+        libgcc-s1 \
         libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 \
         libglib2.0-0 \
         libgtk-3-0 \
@@ -62,7 +61,7 @@ RUN echo 'debconf debconf/frontend select Noninteractive' | debconf-set-selectio
         libxtst6 \
         ca-certificates \
         fonts-liberation \
-        libappindicator1 \
+        libayatana-appindicator3-1 \
         libnss3 \
         lsb-release \
         xdg-utils \
@@ -74,17 +73,18 @@ RUN echo 'debconf debconf/frontend select Noninteractive' | debconf-set-selectio
     && wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb \
     && apt install -y -q --no-install-recommends ./google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb \
     
-    # mongodb
-    && curl -fsSL https://www.mongodb.org/static/pgp/server-4.4.asc | apt-key add - \
-    && echo "deb [ arch=amd64,arm64 ] https://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu bionic/mongodb-org/4.4 multiverse" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-4.4.list \
+    # mongodb 8.0
+    && curl -fsSL https://www.mongodb.org/static/pgp/server-8.0.asc | \
+        gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/mongodb-server-8.0.gpg \
+    && echo "deb [ arch=amd64,arm64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/mongodb-server-8.0.gpg ] https://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu noble/mongodb-org/8.0 multiverse" | \
+        tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-8.0.list \
     && apt-get update \
-    && apt-get install -y -q --no-install-recommends \
-        mongodb-org \
+    && apt-get install -y -q --no-install-recommends mongodb-org \
     && apt-get clean \
     && rm -r /var/lib/apt/lists/*
 
 # Install nvm with node and npm
-RUN curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/creationix/nvm/v0.33.8/install.sh | bash
+RUN curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.40.1/install.sh | bash
 
 # Make nvm available globally in all bash shells (interactive + non-interactive)
 # IMPORTANT: Prepend to bashrc, before the "[ -z "$PS1" ] && return" line