feat(core): Modernize Ubuntu base, NVM, Node.js, and MongoDB

Ubuntu 24.04 upgrade:
- Upgrade base from ubuntu:20.04 to ubuntu:24.04
- Remove Python 2 (EOL since 2020), keep Python 3
- Replace deprecated packages for 24.04 compatibility:
  gconf-service/libgconf-2-4 removed, libgcc1 → libgcc-s1,
  libappindicator1 → libayatana-appindicator3-1,
  libasound2 → libasound2t64
- Add libgbm1 and libatk-bridge2.0-0 for Chrome/Puppeteer

NVM & Node.js:
- Upgrade NVM from v0.33.8 to v0.40.1
- Upgrade Node.js from v20.x to v24.13.0 LTS across all images

MongoDB:
- Upgrade from 4.4 to 8.0
- Use modern gpg keyring approach instead of deprecated apt-key
- Update repository from bionic to noble

Dockerfile_alpine-bun

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+FROM alpine:latest
+LABEL author="Task Venture Capital GmbH <hello@task.vc>"
+
+WORKDIR /workspace
+
+# Important environment variables
+ENV NODE_VERSION_LTS="24.13.0" \
+    NVM_DIR="/usr/local/nvm" \
+    BUN_INSTALL="/root/.bun" \
+    NVM_NODEJS_ORG_MIRROR="https://unofficial-builds.nodejs.org/download/release"
+
+# Install required packages for NVM and Node.js
+RUN apk add --no-cache \
+    bash \
+    curl \
+    git \
+    ca-certificates \
+    unzip \
+    libstdc++
+
+# Install NVM (latest version for better Alpine/musl support)
+RUN mkdir -p $NVM_DIR && curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.40.1/install.sh | bash
+
+# Make nvm available globally in all bash shells (interactive + non-interactive)
+# IMPORTANT: Create /etc/bash.bashrc with nvm initialization
+RUN printf '%s\n%s\n%s\n' \
+        'export NVM_DIR="/usr/local/nvm"' \
+        '[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && . "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"' \
+        '[ -s "$NVM_DIR/bash_completion" ] && . "$NVM_DIR/bash_completion"' \
+        > /etc/bash.bashrc
+
+# Copy nvm wrapper scripts from support directory
+COPY image_support_files/bash-with-nvm /usr/local/bin/bash-with-nvm
+COPY image_support_files/docker-entrypoint.sh /usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh
+RUN chmod +x /usr/local/bin/bash-with-nvm /usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh
+
+# Use wrapper for RUN commands to enable nvm
+SHELL ["/usr/local/bin/bash-with-nvm"]
+
+# Enable nvm for runtime bash commands (CI/CD workflows)
+ENV BASH_ENV=/etc/bash.bashrc
+
+# Install Node.js LTS via NVM and Bun
+RUN nvm install $NODE_VERSION_LTS \
+    && nvm alias default $NODE_VERSION_LTS \
+    && nvm use default \
+    && curl -fsSL https://bun.sh/install | bash
+
+ENV PATH="$BUN_INSTALL/bin:$NVM_DIR/versions/node/v$NODE_VERSION_LTS/bin:$PATH"
+ENV NODE_PATH=$NVM_DIR/v$NODE_VERSION_LTS/lib/node_modules
+
+# Set entrypoint to make nvm available in all runtime contexts
+ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh"]
+CMD ["bash"]