smartguard/readme.md

# @push.rocks/smartguard
A TypeScript library for creating and managing validation guards, aiding in data validation and security checks.

## Install

To install `@push.rocks/smartguard`, run the following command in your terminal:

```bash
npm install @push.rocks/smartguard --save
```

This will add `@push.rocks/smartguard` to your project's dependencies.

## Usage

`@push.rocks/smartguard` provides a robust and easy way to validate data by using guards. Guards are functions that return a boolean value indicating whether the data meets certain criteria. This package is highly beneficial for input validation, security checks, or any scenario where data needs to conform to specific rules or patterns.

### Basics

At the core of `@push.rocks/smartguard` are two main classes: `Guard` and `GuardSet`. A `Guard` represents a single rule or validation step, while a `GuardSet` allows you to combine multiple `Guard` instances and evaluate them together.

### Creating a Guard

A `Guard` is an object that encapsulates a validation rule. You define a guard by providing a function that takes an input and returns a Promise, resolving to a boolean value indicating if the input meets the criteria.

```typescript
import { Guard } from '@push.rocks/smartguard';

const isStringGuard = new Guard<string>(async (data) => {
  return typeof data === 'string';
});
```

In the example above, we define a simple guard that checks if the input is a string.

### Using GuardSets for Composite Validations

When you have multiple validation rules, you can combine them using `GuardSet`. This allows you to evaluate all guards on a piece of data and only pass if all guards return true.

```typescript
import { Guard, GuardSet } from '@push.rocks/smartguard';

const isStringGuard = new Guard<string>(async (data) => {
  return typeof data === 'string';
});

const isNotEmptyGuard = new Guard<string>(async (data) => {
  return data.length > 0;
});

const stringValidationSet = new GuardSet<string>([isStringGuard, isNotEmptyGuard]);

// Now you can use stringValidationSet.executeGuardsWithData(data) to validate your data
```

### Executing Guards

To execute a guard or a set of guards against data, you use the `executeGuardWithData` method for a single guard, or `executeGuardsWithData` method for a `GuardSet`.

```typescript
const isValidString = await isStringGuard.executeGuardWithData('Hello World!');
console.log(isValidString); // true

const areValidStrings = await stringValidationSet.executeGuardsWithData('Hello World!');
console.log(areValidStrings.every(result => result)); // true if all validations passed
```

### Advanced Usage: Custom Guard Functions

Guards can perform any asynchronous operation inside their validation function, making them incredibly versatile. For instance, you could call an API to validate an address, check if a username already exists in a database, or even integrate with third-party validation services.

```typescript
import { Guard } from '@push.rocks/smartguard';
import { someApiRequestFunction } from './myApiFunctions';

const isValidAddressGuard = new Guard<string>(async (address) => {
  const response = await someApiRequestFunction(address);
  return response.isValid;
});
```

### Integrating with Express Middleware

`@push.rocks/smartguard` can easily integrate with frameworks like Express by utilizing guards within middleware functions. This allows you to perform validations before a request reaches your route handlers.

```typescript
import * as express from 'express';
import { Guard } from '@push.rocks/smartguard';

const app = express();
const isAuthorizedUserGuard = new Guard<express.Request>(async (req) => {
  // your logic here, return true if authorized
  return req.headers.authorization === 'Bearer some-token';
});

app.use(async (req, res, next) => {
  const isAuthorized = await isAuthorizedUserGuard.executeGuardWithData(req);
  if (!isAuthorized) {
    res.status(403).send('Unauthorized');
    return;
  }
  next();
});

app.listen(3000, () => console.log('Server running on port 3000'));
```

In the example above, we use a guard to check if a request has a valid authorization header. This demonstrates how `@push.rocks/smartguard` can be seamlessly integrated into existing server applications to enforce security or input validations.

### Combining Guards with `GuardSet`

One of the strengths of `@push.rocks/smartguard` is its ability to combine multiple guards into a `GuardSet`. This is particularly useful when you need to validate data against several criteria. For example, to validate a string that must be non-empty and start with a specific prefix:

```typescript
import { Guard, GuardSet } from '@push.rocks/smartguard';

const isStringGuard = new Guard<string>(async (data) => {
  return typeof data === 'string';
});

const isNotEmptyGuard = new Guard<string>(async (data) => {
  return data.length > 0;
});

const startsWithPrefixGuard = new Guard<string>(async (data) => {
  return data.startsWith('prefix');
});

const combinedValidationSet = new GuardSet<string>([isStringGuard, isNotEmptyGuard, startsWithPrefixGuard]);

const validationResults = await combinedValidationSet.executeGuardsWithData('prefix: Valid String');
console.log(validationResults.every(result => result)); // true if all validations passed
```

### Integration with Other Libraries

To demonstrate the versatility and integration capabilities of `@push.rocks/smartguard`, let's integrate it with another popular library, `@push.rocks/smartrequest`, for validating API response data.

```typescript
import { Guard } from '@push.rocks/smartguard';
import { smartrequest } from '@push.rocks/smartrequest';

const validApiResponseGuard = new Guard(async (url: string) => {
  const response = await smartrequest.request(url, { method: 'GET' });
  return response.status === 200;
});

const isValidResponse = await validApiResponseGuard.executeGuardWithData('https://example.com/api/data');
console.log(isValidResponse); // true if the API response status is 200
```

### Real-World Example: Form Validation

Let's create a real-world example where we use `@push.rocks/smartguard` to validate form data in a Node.js application. Suppose we have a user registration form with fields for `username`, `email`, and `password`.

```typescript
import { Guard, GuardSet } from '@push.rocks/smartguard';

// Guards for individual fields
const isUsernameValid = new Guard<string>(async (username) => {
  return typeof username === 'string' && username.length >= 3;
});

const isEmailValid = new Guard<string>(async (email) => {
  const emailRegex = /^[^\s@]+@[^\s@]+\.[^\s@]+$/;
  return typeof email === 'string' && emailRegex.test(email);
});

const isPasswordStrong = new Guard<string>(async (password) => {
  return typeof password === 'string' && password.length >= 8;
});

// Combining guards using GuardSet
const registrationValidationSet = new GuardSet<{ username: string, email: string, password: string }>([
  new Guard(async (data) => isUsernameValid.executeGuardWithData(data.username)),
  new Guard(async (data) => isEmailValid.executeGuardWithData(data.email)),
  new Guard(async (data) => isPasswordStrong.executeGuardWithData(data.password))
]);

// Form data to validate
const formData = {
  username: 'exampleUser',
  email: 'user@example.com',
  password: 'strongpassword123'
};

const formValidationResults = await registrationValidationSet.executeGuardsWithData(formData);
console.log(formValidationResults.every(result => result)); // true if all fields are valid
```

In this example, we used guards to validate each form field. We then combined these guards into a `GuardSet` to validate the entire form data object.

### Validating Nested Objects

`@push.rocks/smartguard` can also handle validation of nested objects. Suppose you need to validate a user profile that includes nested address information.

```typescript
interface UserProfile {
  username: string;
  email: string;
  address: {
    street: string;
    city: string;
    postalCode: string;
  };
}

const isStreetValid = new Guard<string>(async (street) => {
  return typeof street === 'string' && street.length > 0;
});

const isCityValid = new Guard<string>(async (city) => {
  return typeof city === 'string' && city.length > 0;
});

const isPostalCodeValid = new Guard<string>(async (postalCode) => {
  return typeof postalCode === 'string' && /^[0-9]{5}$/.test(postalCode);
});

const isAddressValid = new Guard<UserProfile['address']>(async (address) => {
  const streetValid = await isStreetValid.executeGuardWithData(address.street);
  const cityValid = await isCityValid.executeGuardWithData(address.city);
  const postalCodeValid = await isPostalCodeValid.executeGuardWithData(address.postalCode);
  return streetValid && cityValid && postalCodeValid;
});

const isUsernameValid = new Guard<string>(async (username) => {
  return typeof username === 'string' && username.length >= 3;
});

const isEmailValid = new Guard<string>(async (email) => {
  const emailRegex = /^[^\s@]+@[^\s@]+\.[^\s@]+$/;
  return typeof email === 'string' && emailRegex.test(email);
});

const userProfileValidationSet = new GuardSet<UserProfile>([
  new Guard(async (data) => isUsernameValid.executeGuardWithData(data.username)),
  new Guard(async (data) => isEmailValid.executeGuardWithData(data.email)),
  new Guard(async (data) => isAddressValid.executeGuardWithData(data.address))
]);

const userProfile = {
  username: 'exampleUser',
  email: 'user@example.com',
  address: {
    street: '123 Main St',
    city: 'Anytown',
    postalCode: '12345'
  }
};

const userProfileValidationResults = await userProfileValidationSet.executeGuardsWithData(userProfile);
console.log(userProfileValidationResults.every(result => result)); // true if user profile is valid
```

In this example, we created a nested guard structure to validate a user profile object that includes address information. Each nested object is validated individually using its specific guards.

### Dynamic Guards

There can be situations when you need to create guards dynamically based on some conditions or input. `@push.rocks/smartguard` allows you to create and use such dynamic guards effortlessly.

```typescript
import { Guard, GuardSet } from '@push.rocks/smartguard';

const createDynamicGuard = (minLength: number) => new Guard<string>(async (data) => {
  return data.length >= minLength;
});

const flexibleLengthGuardSet = (length: number) => new GuardSet<string>([createDynamicGuard(length)]);

const dynamicGuard = flexibleLengthGuardSet(5);

const isValid = await dynamicGuard.executeGuardsWithData('Hello, world!');
console.log(isValid.every(result => result)); // true because the length of 'Hello, world!' is more than 5
```

In the example above, we created a dynamic guard based on a minimum length and then evaluated some data against it.

### Validating Complex Data Structures

There can often be a need to validate complex data structures with nested arrays or objects. Using a combination of `Guard` and `GuardSet`, you can effectively handle validations of such complex structures.

```typescript
interface BlogPost {
  title: string;
  content: string;
  tags: string[];
  author: {
    name: string;
    email: string;
  };
}

const isStringGuard = new Guard<string>(async (data) => {
  return typeof data === 'string';
});

const isNonEmptyStringGuard = new Guard<string>(async (data) => {
  return await isStringGuard.executeGuardWithData(data) && data.trim().length > 0;
});

const isStringArrayGuard = new Guard<string[]>(async (data) => {
  return Array.isArray(data) && data.every(item => typeof item === 'string');
});

const isEmailGuard = new Guard<string>(async (data) => {
  const emailRegex = /^[^\s@]+@[^\s@]+\.[^\s@]+$/;
  return typeof data === 'string' && emailRegex.test(data);
});

const isAuthorGuardSet = new GuardSet<BlogPost['author']>([
  new Guard(async (data) => await isNonEmptyStringGuard.executeGuardWithData(data.name)),
  new Guard(async (data) => await isEmailGuard.executeGuardWithData(data.email))
]);

const isBlogPostGuardSet = new GuardSet<BlogPost>([
  new Guard(async (data) => await isNonEmptyStringGuard.executeGuardWithData(data.title)),
  new Guard(async (data) => await isNonEmptyStringGuard.executeGuardWithData(data.content)),
  new Guard(async (data) => await isStringArrayGuard.executeGuardWithData(data.tags)),
  new Guard(async (data) => await isAuthorGuardSet.executeGuardsWithData(data.author).then(results => results.every(result => result)))
]);

const blogPost: BlogPost = {
  title: 'Introduction to Smart Guard',
  content: 'Smart Guard is a TypeScript library for creating and managing validation guards...',
  tags: ['typescript', 'validation', 'library'],
  author: {
    name: 'John Doe',
    email: 'johndoe@example.com'
  }
};

const blogPostValidationResults = await isBlogPostGuardSet.executeGuardsWithData(blogPost);
console.log(blogPostValidationResults.every(result => result)); // true if the blog post is valid
```

In this example, we created different guards to validate various parts of a complex `BlogPost` object. Notice how we used nested `GuardSet` instances to validate the `author` object.

### Asynchronous Validations

`@push.rocks/smartguard` supports asynchronous guard functions, making it possible to perform validations that involve network requests or other asynchronous operations.

```typescript
import { Guard } from '@push.rocks/smartguard';
import { smartrequest } from '@push.rocks/smartrequest';

const isApiKeyValidGuard = new Guard<string>(async (apiKey) => {
  const response = await smartrequest.request(`https://api.example.com/validate?key=${apiKey}`, { method: 'GET' });
  return response.status === 200;
});

const apiKey = 'some-api-key';
const isApiKeyValid = await isApiKeyValidGuard.executeGuardWithData(apiKey);
console.log(isApiKeyValid); // true if the API key is valid
```

In this example, the guard performs an asynchronous API request to validate an API key.

### Default Error Handling

When using `@push.rocks/smartguard`, you can take advantage of built-in error handling mechanisms. If a guard fails, it throws an error that you can catch and handle accordingly.

```typescript
import { Guard, passGuardsOrReject } from '@push.rocks/smartguard';

const isNonEmptyStringGuard = new Guard<string>(async (data) => {
  return typeof data === 'string' && data.trim().length > 0;
});

const validateInput = async (input: string) => {
  try {
    await passGuardsOrReject(input, [isNonEmptyStringGuard]);
    console.log('Input is valid');
  } catch (error) {
    console.error('Validation failed:', error.message);
  }
};

await validateInput(''); // Will print "Validation failed: Guard failed"
await validateInput('Valid input'); // Will print "Input is valid"
```

In this example, we use the `passGuardsOrReject` function to validate an input. If the input is invalid, `passGuardsOrReject` throws an error that is caught and handled in the `catch` block.

### Extending Guard Functionalities

Sometimes, you may need to extend or customize the functionalities of a guard to suit specific requirements. `@push.rocks/smartguard` allows you to extend the `Guard` class to create specialized guards.

```typescript
import { Guard } from '@push.rocks/smartguard';

class MinLengthGuard extends Guard<string> {
  constructor(private minLength: number) {
    super(async (data) => {
      return typeof data === 'string' && data.length >= this.minLength;
    });
  }
}

const minLengthGuard = new MinLengthGuard(10);

const isLongEnough = await minLengthGuard.executeGuardWithData('Hello, world!');
console.log(isLongEnough); // true because the length of 'Hello, world!' is more than 10
```

In this example, we create a `MinLengthGuard` class that extends `Guard` and validates a string based on its minimum length.

### Conclusion

`@push.rocks/smartguard` provides a powerful framework for creating and managing validation guards in JavaScript and TypeScript applications. The library's flexibility allows it to handle simple boolean checks, asynchronous operations, integration with external APIs, and complex composite validations. Its use of `Guard` and `GuardSet` classes ensures that validations are both modular and reusable.

Whether you are validating form inputs, securing APIs, or ensuring data integrity in your backend services, `@push.rocks/smartguard` simplifies the process and makes your code cleaner and more maintainable.

## License and Legal Information

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### Company Information

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Registered at District court Bremen HRB 35230 HB, Germany

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