smartstream/readme.md

```markdown
# @push.rocks/smartstream
A TypeScript library to simplify the creation and manipulation of Node.js streams, providing utilities for transform, duplex, and readable/writable stream handling while managing backpressure effectively.

## Install
To install `@push.rocks/smartstream`, you can use npm or yarn as follows:

```bash
npm install @push.rocks/smartstream --save
# OR
yarn add @push.rocks/smartstream
```

This will add `@push.rocks/smartstream` to your project's dependencies.

## Usage

The `@push.rocks/smartstream` module is designed to simplify working with Node.js streams by providing a set of utilities for creating and manipulating streams. This module makes extensive use of TypeScript for improved code quality, readability, and maintenance. ESM syntax is utilized throughout the examples.

### Importing the Module

Start by importing the module into your TypeScript file:

```typescript
import * as smartstream from '@push.rocks/smartstream';
```

For a more specific import, you may do the following:

```typescript
import { SmartDuplex, StreamWrapper, StreamIntake, createTransformFunction, createPassThrough } from '@push.rocks/smartstream';
```

### Creating Basic Transform Streams

The module provides utilities for creating transform streams. For example, to create a transform stream that modifies chunks of data, you can use the `createTransformFunction` utility:

```typescript
import { createTransformFunction } from '@push.rocks/smartstream';

const upperCaseTransform = createTransformFunction<string, string>(async (chunk) => {
  return chunk.toUpperCase();
});

// Usage with pipe
readableStream
  .pipe(upperCaseTransform)
  .pipe(writableStream);
```

### Handling Backpressure with SmartDuplex

`SmartDuplex` is a powerful part of the `smartstream` module designed to handle backpressure effectively. Here's an example of how to create a `SmartDuplex` stream that processes data and respects the consumer's pace:

```typescript
import { SmartDuplex } from '@push.rocks/smartstream';

const processDataDuplex = new SmartDuplex({
  async writeFunction(chunk, { push }) {
    const processedChunk = await processChunk(chunk); // Assume this is a defined asynchronous function
    push(processedChunk);
  }
});

sourceStream.pipe(processDataDuplex).pipe(destinationStream);
```

### Combining Multiple Streams

`Smartstream` facilitates easy combining of multiple streams into a single pipeline, handling errors and cleanup automatically. Here's how you can combine multiple streams:

```typescript
import { StreamWrapper } from '@push.rocks/smartstream';

const combinedStream = new StreamWrapper([
  readStream,       // Source stream
  transformStream1, // Transformation
  transformStream2, // Another transformation
  writeStream       // Destination stream
]);

combinedStream.run()
  .then(() => console.log('Processing completed.'))
  .catch(err => console.error('An error occurred:', err));
```

### Working with StreamIntake

`StreamIntake` allows for more dynamic control of the reading process, facilitating scenarios where data is not continuously available:

```typescript
import { StreamIntake } from '@push.rocks/smartstream';

const streamIntake = new StreamIntake<string>();

// Dynamically push data into the intake
streamIntake.pushData('Hello, World!');
streamIntake.pushData('Another message');

// Signal end when no more data is to be pushed
streamIntake.signalEnd();
```

### Real-world Scenario: Processing Large Files

Consider a scenario where you need to process a large CSV file, transform the data row-by-row, and then write the results to a database or another file. With `smartstream`, you could create a pipe that reads the CSV, processes each row, and handles backpressure, ensuring efficient use of resources.

```typescript
import { SmartDuplex, createTransformFunction } from '@push.rocks/smartstream';
import fs from 'fs';
import csvParser from 'csv-parser';

const csvReadTransform = createTransformFunction<any, any>(async (row) => {
  // Process row
  return processedRow;
});

fs.createReadStream('path/to/largeFile.csv')
  .pipe(csvParser())
  .pipe(csvReadTransform)
  .pipe(new SmartDuplex({
    async writeFunction(chunk, { push }) {
      await writeToDatabase(chunk); // Assume this writes to a database
    }
  }))
  .on('finish', () => console.log('File processed successfully.'));
```

This example demonstrates reading a large CSV file, transforming each row with `createTransformFunction`, and using a `SmartDuplex` to manage the processed data flow efficiently, ensuring no data is lost due to backpressure issues.

### Advanced Use Case: Backpressure Handling

Effective backpressure handling is crucial when working with streams to avoid overwhelming the downstream consumers. Here’s a comprehensive example that demonstrates handling backpressure in a pipeline with multiple `SmartDuplex` instances:

```typescript
import { SmartDuplex } from '@push.rocks/smartstream';

// Define the first SmartDuplex, which writes data slowly to simulate backpressure
const slowProcessingStream = new SmartDuplex({
  name: 'SlowProcessor',
  objectMode: true,
  writeFunction: async (chunk, { push }) => {
    await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 100)); // Simulated delay
    console.log('Processed chunk:', chunk);
    push(chunk);
  }
});

// Define the second SmartDuplex as a fast processor
const fastProcessingStream = new SmartDuplex({
  name: 'FastProcessor',
  objectMode: true,
  writeFunction: async (chunk, { push }) => {
    console.log('Fast processing chunk:', chunk);
    push(chunk);
  }
});

// Create a StreamIntake to dynamically handle incoming data
const streamIntake = new StreamIntake<string>();

// Chain the streams together and handle the backpressure scenario
streamIntake
  .pipe(fastProcessingStream)
  .pipe(slowProcessingStream)
  .pipe(createPassThrough()) // Use Pass-Through to provide intermediary handling
  .on('data', data => console.log('Final output:', data))
  .on('error', error => console.error('Stream encountered an error:', error));

// Simulate data pushing with intervals to observe backpressure handling
let counter = 0;
const interval = setInterval(() => {
  if (counter >= 10) {
    streamIntake.signalEnd();
    clearInterval(interval);
  } else {
    streamIntake.pushData(`Chunk ${counter}`);
    counter++;
  }
}, 50);
```

In this advanced use case, a `SlowProcessor` and `FastProcessor` are created using `SmartDuplex`, simulating a situation where one stream is slower than another. The `StreamIntake` dynamically handles incoming chunks of data and the intermediary Pass-Through handles any potential interruptions.

### Transform Streams in Parallel

For scenarios where you need to process data in parallel:

```typescript
import { SmartDuplex, createTransformFunction } from '@push.rocks/smartstream';

const parallelTransform = createTransformFunction<any, any>(async (chunk) => {
  // Parallel Processing
  const results = await Promise.all(chunk.map(async item => await processItem(item)));
  return results;
});

const streamIntake = new StreamIntake<any[]>();

streamIntake
  .pipe(parallelTransform)
  .pipe(new SmartDuplex({
    async writeFunction(chunk, { push }) {
      console.log('Processed parallel chunk:', chunk);
      push(chunk);
    }
  }))
  .on('finish', () => console.log('Parallel processing completed.'));

// Simulate data pushing
streamIntake.pushData([1, 2, 3, 4]);
streamIntake.pushData([5, 6, 7, 8]);
streamIntake.signalEnd();
```

### Error Handling in Stream Pipelines

Error handling is an essential part of working with streams. The `StreamWrapper` assists in combining multiple streams while managing errors seamlessly:

```typescript
import { StreamWrapper } from '@push.rocks/smartstream';

const faultyStream = new SmartDuplex({
  async writeFunction(chunk, { push }) {
    if (chunk === 'bad data') {
      throw new Error('Faulty data encountered');
    }
    push(chunk);
  }
});

const readStream = new StreamIntake<string>();
const writeStream = new SmartDuplex({
  async writeFunction(chunk) {
    console.log('Written chunk:', chunk);
  }
});

const combinedStream = new StreamWrapper([readStream, faultyStream, writeStream]);

combinedStream.run()
  .then(() => console.log('Stream processing completed.'))
  .catch(err => console.error('Stream error:', err.message));

// Push Data
readStream.pushData('good data');
readStream.pushData('bad data');  // This will throw an error
readStream.pushData('more good data');
readStream.signalEnd();
```

### Testing Streams

Here's an example test case using the `tap` testing framework to verify the integrity of the `SmartDuplex` from a buffer:

```typescript
import { expect, tap } from '@push.rocks/tapbundle';
import { SmartDuplex } from '@push.rocks/smartstream';

tap.test('should create a SmartStream from a Buffer', async () => {
  const bufferData = Buffer.from('This is a test buffer');
  const smartStream = SmartDuplex.fromBuffer(bufferData, {});
  
  let receivedData = Buffer.alloc(0);
  
  return new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
    smartStream.on('data', (chunk: Buffer) => {
      receivedData = Buffer.concat([receivedData, chunk]);
    });

    smartStream.on('end', () => {
      expect(receivedData.toString()).toEqual(bufferData.toString());
      resolve();
    });
  });
});

tap.start();
```

### Working with Files and Buffers

You can easily stream files and buffers with `smartstream`. Here’s a test illustrating reading and writing with file streams using `smartfile` combined with `smartstream` utilities:

```typescript
import { tap } from '@push.rocks/tapbundle';
import * as smartfile from '@push.rocks/smartfile';
import { SmartDuplex, StreamWrapper } from '@push.rocks/smartstream';

tap.test('should handle file read and write streams', async () => {
  const readStream = smartfile.fsStream.createReadStream('./test/assets/readabletext.txt');
  const writeStream = smartfile.fsStream.createWriteStream('./test/assets/writabletext.txt');

  const transformStream = new SmartDuplex({
    async writeFunction(chunk, { push }) {
      const transformedChunk = chunk.toString().toUpperCase();
      push(transformedChunk);
    }
  });

  const streamWrapper = new StreamWrapper([readStream, transformStream, writeStream]);

  await streamWrapper.run();

  const outputContent = await smartfile.fs.promises.readFile('./test/assets/writabletext.txt', 'utf-8');
  console.log('Output Content:', outputContent);
});

tap.start();
```

### Modular and Scoped Transformations

Creating modular and scoped transformations is straightforward with `SmartDuplex`:

```typescript
import { SmartDuplex } from '@push.rocks/smartstream';

type DataChunk = {
  id: number;
  data: string;
};

const transformationStream1 = new SmartDuplex<DataChunk, DataChunk>({
  async writeFunction(chunk, { push }) {
    chunk.data = chunk.data.toUpperCase();
    push(chunk);
  }
})

const transformationStream2 = new SmartDuplex<DataChunk, DataChunk>({
  async writeFunction(chunk, { push }) {
    chunk.data = `${chunk.data} processed with transformation 2`;
    push(chunk);
  }
});

const initialData: DataChunk[] = [
  { id: 1, data: 'first' },
  { id: 2, data: 'second' }
];

const intakeStream = new StreamIntake<DataChunk>();

intakeStream
  .pipe(transformationStream1)
  .pipe(transformationStream2)
  .on('data', data => console.log('Transformed Data:', data));

initialData.forEach(item => intakeStream.pushData(item));
intakeStream.signalEnd();
```

By leveraging `SmartDuplex`, `StreamWrapper`, and `StreamIntake`, you can streamline and enhance your data transformation pipelines in Node.js with a clear, efficient, and backpressure-friendly approach.
```


## License and Legal Information

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### Trademarks

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### Company Information

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Registered at District court Bremen HRB 35230 HB, Germany

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