7.4.1

changelog.md

@@ -1,5 +1,36 @@
 # Changelog
 
+## 2025-05-28 - 7.4.1 - fix(test/server)
+Fix force cleanup in DNS server tests by casting server properties before closing sockets
+
+- Cast server to any to safely invoke close() on httpsServer and udpServer in test cleanup
+- Ensures proper emergency cleanup of server sockets without direct access to private properties
+
+## 2025-05-28 - 7.4.0 - feat(manual socket handling)
+Add comprehensive manual socket handling documentation for advanced DNS server use cases
+
+- Introduced detailed examples for configuring manual UDP and HTTPS socket handling
+- Provided sample code for load balancing, clustering, custom transport protocols, and multi-interface binding
+- Updated performance and best practices sections to reflect manual socket handling benefits
+
+## 2025-05-28 - 7.3.0 - feat(dnsserver)
+Add manual socket mode support to enable external socket control for the DNS server.
+
+- Introduced new manualUdpMode and manualHttpsMode options in the server options interface.
+- Added initializeServers, initializeUdpServer, and initializeHttpsServer methods for manual socket initialization.
+- Updated start() and stop() methods to handle both automatic and manual socket binding modes.
+- Enhanced UDP and HTTPS socket error handling and IP address validations.
+- Removed obsolete internal documentation file (readme.plan2.md).
+
+## 2025-05-28 - 7.2.0 - feat(dns-server)
+Improve DNS server interface binding by adding explicit IP validation, configurable UDP/HTTPS binding, and enhanced logging.
+
+- Added udpBindInterface and httpsBindInterface options to IDnsServerOptions
+- Implemented IP address validation for both IPv4 and IPv6 in the start() method
+- Configured UDP and HTTPS servers to bind to specified interfaces with detailed logging
+- Updated documentation to include interface binding examples (localhost and specific interfaces)
+- Enhanced tests to cover valid and invalid interface binding scenarios
+
 ## 2025-05-27 - 7.1.0 - feat(docs)
 Improve documentation for advanced DNS features and update usage examples for both DNS client and server.
 

package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@push.rocks/smartdns",
-  "version": "7.1.0",
+  "version": "7.4.1",
   "private": false,
   "description": "A robust TypeScript library providing advanced DNS management and resolution capabilities including support for DNSSEC, custom DNS servers, and integration with various DNS providers.",
   "exports": {
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
     "./client": "./dist_ts_client/index.js"
   },
   "scripts": {
-    "test": "(tstest test/)",
+    "test": "(tstest test/ --verbose --timeout 60)",
     "build": "(tsbuild tsfolders --web --allowimplicitany)",
     "buildDocs": "tsdoc"
   },

readme.md

@@ -190,6 +190,17 @@ const dnsServer = new DnsServer({
   dnssecZone: 'example.com'      // Optional: enable DNSSEC for this zone
 });
 
+// For enhanced security, bind to specific interfaces
+const secureServer = new DnsServer({
+  udpPort: 53,
+  httpsPort: 443,
+  httpsKey: 'path/to/key.pem',
+  httpsCert: 'path/to/cert.pem',
+  dnssecZone: 'example.com',
+  udpBindInterface: '127.0.0.1',    // Bind UDP to localhost only
+  httpsBindInterface: '127.0.0.1'   // Bind HTTPS to localhost only
+});
+
 // Register a handler for all subdomains of example.com
 dnsServer.registerHandler('*.example.com', ['A'], (question) => ({
   name: question.name,
@@ -295,6 +306,215 @@ await dnsServer.start();
 console.log('DNS Server with Let\'s Encrypt SSL started!');
 ```
 
+### Manual Socket Handling
+
+The DNS server supports manual socket handling for advanced use cases like clustering, load balancing, and custom transport implementations. You can control UDP and HTTPS socket handling independently.
+
+#### Configuration Options
+
+```typescript
+export interface IDnsServerOptions {
+  // ... standard options ...
+  manualUdpMode?: boolean;    // Handle UDP sockets manually
+  manualHttpsMode?: boolean;  // Handle HTTPS sockets manually
+}
+```
+
+#### Basic Manual Socket Usage
+
+```typescript
+import { DnsServer } from '@push.rocks/smartdns/server';
+import * as dgram from 'dgram';
+import * as net from 'net';
+
+// Create server with manual UDP mode
+const dnsServer = new DnsServer({
+  httpsKey: '...',
+  httpsCert: '...',
+  httpsPort: 853,
+  udpPort: 53,
+  dnssecZone: 'example.com',
+  manualUdpMode: true  // UDP manual, HTTPS automatic
+});
+
+await dnsServer.start(); // HTTPS binds, UDP doesn't
+
+// Create your own UDP socket
+const udpSocket = dgram.createSocket('udp4');
+
+// Handle incoming UDP messages
+udpSocket.on('message', (msg, rinfo) => {
+  dnsServer.handleUdpMessage(msg, rinfo, (response, responseRinfo) => {
+    // Send response using your socket
+    udpSocket.send(response, responseRinfo.port, responseRinfo.address);
+  });
+});
+
+// Bind to custom port or multiple interfaces
+udpSocket.bind(5353, '0.0.0.0');
+```
+
+#### Manual HTTPS Socket Handling
+
+```typescript
+// Create server with manual HTTPS mode
+const dnsServer = new DnsServer({
+  httpsKey: '...',
+  httpsCert: '...',
+  httpsPort: 853,
+  udpPort: 53,
+  dnssecZone: 'example.com',
+  manualHttpsMode: true  // HTTPS manual, UDP automatic
+});
+
+await dnsServer.start(); // UDP binds, HTTPS doesn't
+
+// Create your own TCP server
+const tcpServer = net.createServer((socket) => {
+  // Pass TCP sockets to DNS server
+  dnsServer.handleHttpsSocket(socket);
+});
+
+tcpServer.listen(8853, '0.0.0.0');
+```
+
+#### Full Manual Mode
+
+Control both protocols manually for complete flexibility:
+
+```typescript
+const dnsServer = new DnsServer({
+  httpsKey: '...',
+  httpsCert: '...',
+  httpsPort: 853,
+  udpPort: 53,
+  dnssecZone: 'example.com',
+  manualUdpMode: true,
+  manualHttpsMode: true
+});
+
+await dnsServer.start(); // Neither protocol binds
+
+// Set up your own socket handling for both protocols
+// Perfect for custom routing, load balancing, or clustering
+```
+
+#### Advanced Use Cases
+
+##### Load Balancing Across Multiple UDP Sockets
+
+```typescript
+// Create multiple UDP sockets for different CPU cores
+const sockets = [];
+const numCPUs = require('os').cpus().length;
+
+for (let i = 0; i < numCPUs; i++) {
+  const socket = dgram.createSocket({ 
+    type: 'udp4', 
+    reuseAddr: true  // Allow multiple sockets on same port
+  });
+  
+  socket.on('message', (msg, rinfo) => {
+    dnsServer.handleUdpMessage(msg, rinfo, (response, rinfo) => {
+      socket.send(response, rinfo.port, rinfo.address);
+    });
+  });
+  
+  socket.bind(53);
+  sockets.push(socket);
+}
+```
+
+##### Clustering with Worker Processes
+
+```typescript
+import cluster from 'cluster';
+import { DnsServer } from '@push.rocks/smartdns/server';
+
+if (cluster.isPrimary) {
+  // Master process accepts connections
+  const server = net.createServer({ pauseOnConnect: true });
+  
+  // Distribute connections to workers
+  server.on('connection', (socket) => {
+    const worker = getNextWorker(); // Round-robin or custom logic
+    worker.send('socket', socket);
+  });
+  
+  server.listen(853);
+} else {
+  // Worker process handles DNS
+  const dnsServer = new DnsServer({
+    httpsKey: '...',
+    httpsCert: '...',
+    httpsPort: 853,
+    udpPort: 53,
+    dnssecZone: 'example.com',
+    manualHttpsMode: true
+  });
+  
+  process.on('message', (msg, socket) => {
+    if (msg === 'socket') {
+      dnsServer.handleHttpsSocket(socket);
+    }
+  });
+  
+  await dnsServer.start();
+}
+```
+
+##### Custom Transport Protocol
+
+```typescript
+// Use DNS server with custom transport (e.g., WebSocket)
+import WebSocket from 'ws';
+
+const wss = new WebSocket.Server({ port: 8080 });
+const dnsServer = new DnsServer({
+  httpsKey: '...',
+  httpsCert: '...',
+  httpsPort: 853,
+  udpPort: 53,
+  dnssecZone: 'example.com',
+  manualUdpMode: true,
+  manualHttpsMode: true
+});
+
+await dnsServer.start();
+
+wss.on('connection', (ws) => {
+  ws.on('message', (data) => {
+    // Process DNS query from WebSocket
+    const response = dnsServer.processRawDnsPacket(Buffer.from(data));
+    ws.send(response);
+  });
+});
+```
+
+##### Multi-Interface Binding
+
+```typescript
+// Bind to multiple network interfaces manually
+const interfaces = [
+  { address: '192.168.1.100', type: 'udp4' },
+  { address: '10.0.0.50', type: 'udp4' },
+  { address: '::1', type: 'udp6' }
+];
+
+interfaces.forEach(({ address, type }) => {
+  const socket = dgram.createSocket(type);
+  
+  socket.on('message', (msg, rinfo) => {
+    console.log(`Query received on ${address}`);
+    dnsServer.handleUdpMessage(msg, rinfo, (response, rinfo) => {
+      socket.send(response, rinfo.port, rinfo.address);
+    });
+  });
+  
+  socket.bind(53, address);
+});
+```
+
 ### Handling Different Protocols
 
 #### UDP DNS Server
@@ -363,6 +583,56 @@ await dnsServer.start();
 //      https://localhost:8443/dns-query
 ```
 
+### Interface Binding
+
+For enhanced security and network isolation, you can bind the DNS server to specific network interfaces instead of all available interfaces.
+
+#### Localhost-Only Binding
+
+Bind to localhost for development or local-only DNS services:
+
+```typescript
+const localServer = new DnsServer({
+  udpPort: 5353,
+  httpsPort: 8443,
+  httpsKey: cert.key,
+  httpsCert: cert.cert,
+  dnssecZone: 'local.test',
+  udpBindInterface: '127.0.0.1',     // IPv4 localhost
+  httpsBindInterface: '127.0.0.1'
+});
+
+// Or use IPv6 localhost
+const ipv6LocalServer = new DnsServer({
+  // ... other options
+  udpBindInterface: '::1',           // IPv6 localhost
+  httpsBindInterface: '::1'
+});
+```
+
+#### Specific Interface Binding
+
+Bind to a specific network interface in multi-homed servers:
+
+```typescript
+const interfaceServer = new DnsServer({
+  udpPort: 53,
+  httpsPort: 443,
+  httpsKey: cert.key,
+  httpsCert: cert.cert,
+  dnssecZone: 'example.com',
+  udpBindInterface: '192.168.1.100',  // Specific internal interface
+  httpsBindInterface: '10.0.0.50'    // Different interface for HTTPS
+});
+```
+
+#### Security Considerations
+
+- **Default Behavior**: If not specified, servers bind to all interfaces (`0.0.0.0`)
+- **Localhost Binding**: Use `127.0.0.1` or `::1` for development and testing
+- **Production**: Consider binding to specific internal interfaces for security
+- **Validation**: Invalid IP addresses will throw an error during server startup
+
 ### Advanced Handler Patterns
 
 #### Pattern-Based Routing
@@ -512,6 +782,7 @@ await tap.start();
 5. **Monitoring**: Log DNS queries for debugging and analytics
 6. **Rate Limiting**: Implement rate limiting for public DNS servers
 7. **Caching**: Respect TTL values and implement proper caching
+8. **Manual Sockets**: Use manual socket handling for clustering and load balancing
 
 ### Performance Considerations
 
@@ -519,6 +790,7 @@ await tap.start();
 - The DNS server handles concurrent UDP and HTTPS requests efficiently
 - DNSSEC signatures are generated on-demand to reduce memory usage
 - Pattern matching uses caching for improved performance
+- Manual socket handling enables horizontal scaling across CPU cores
 
 ### Security Considerations
 
@@ -528,6 +800,8 @@ await tap.start();
 - Implement access controls for DNS server handlers
 - Use Let's Encrypt for automatic SSL certificate management
 - Never expose internal network information through DNS
+- Bind to specific interfaces in production environments
+- Use manual socket handling for custom security layers
 
 This comprehensive library provides everything needed for both DNS client operations and running production-grade DNS servers with modern security features in TypeScript.
 

readme.plan.md

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+# DNS Server Interface Binding Implementation Plan
+
+Command to reread CLAUDE.md: `cat /home/philkunz/.claude/CLAUDE.md`
+
+## Overview ✅ COMPLETED
+Enable specific interface binding for the DNSServer class to allow binding to specific network interfaces instead of all interfaces (0.0.0.0).
+
+## Implementation Status: COMPLETED ✅
+
+### What was implemented:
+
+✅ **1. Updated IDnsServerOptions Interface**
+- Added optional `udpBindInterface?: string` property (defaults to '0.0.0.0')
+- Added optional `httpsBindInterface?: string` property (defaults to '0.0.0.0')
+- Located in `ts_server/classes.dnsserver.ts:5-11`
+
+✅ **2. Modified DnsServer.start() Method**
+- Updated UDP server binding to use `this.options.udpBindInterface || '0.0.0.0'`
+- Updated HTTPS server listening to use `this.options.httpsBindInterface || '0.0.0.0'`
+- Added IP address validation before binding
+- Updated console logging to show specific interface being bound
+- Located in `ts_server/classes.dnsserver.ts:699-752`
+
+✅ **3. Added IP Address Validation**
+- Created `isValidIpAddress()` method supporting IPv4 and IPv6
+- Validates interface addresses before binding
+- Throws meaningful error messages for invalid addresses
+- Located in `ts_server/classes.dnsserver.ts:392-398`
+
+✅ **4. Updated Documentation**
+- Added dedicated "Interface Binding" section to readme.md
+- Included examples for localhost-only binding (`127.0.0.1`, `::1`)
+- Documented security considerations and use cases
+- Added examples for specific interface binding
+
+✅ **5. Added Comprehensive Tests**
+- **localhost binding test**: Verifies binding to `127.0.0.1` instead of `0.0.0.0`
+- **Invalid IP validation test**: Ensures invalid IP addresses are rejected
+- **IPv6 support test**: Tests `::1` binding (with graceful fallback if IPv6 unavailable)
+- **Backwards compatibility**: Existing tests continue to work with default behavior
+- Located in `test/test.server.ts`
+
+✅ **6. Updated restartHttpsServer Method**
+- Modified to respect interface binding options during certificate updates
+- Ensures Let's Encrypt certificate renewal maintains interface binding
+
+## ✅ Implementation Results
+
+### Test Results
+All interface binding functionality has been successfully tested:
+
+```bash
+✅ should bind to localhost interface only (318ms)
+   - UDP DNS server running on 127.0.0.1:8085
+   - HTTPS DNS server running on 127.0.0.1:8084
+
+✅ should reject invalid IP addresses (151ms)
+   - Validates IP address format correctly
+   - Throws meaningful error messages
+
+✅ should work with IPv6 localhost if available
+   - Gracefully handles IPv6 unavailability in containerized environments
+```
+
+### Benefits Achieved
+- ✅ Enhanced security by allowing localhost-only binding
+- ✅ Support for multi-homed servers with specific interface requirements
+- ✅ Better isolation in containerized environments
+- ✅ Backwards compatible (defaults to current behavior)
+- ✅ IP address validation with clear error messages
+- ✅ IPv4 and IPv6 support
+
+## Example Usage (Now Available)
+```typescript
+// Bind to localhost only
+const dnsServer = new DnsServer({
+  httpsKey: cert.key,
+  httpsCert: cert.cert,
+  httpsPort: 443,
+  udpPort: 53,
+  dnssecZone: 'example.com',
+  udpBindInterface: '127.0.0.1',
+  httpsBindInterface: '127.0.0.1'
+});
+
+// Bind to specific interface
+const dnsServer = new DnsServer({
+  // ... other options
+  udpBindInterface: '192.168.1.100',
+  httpsBindInterface: '192.168.1.100'
+});
+```
+
+## Files to Modify
+1. `ts_server/classes.dnsserver.ts` - Interface and implementation
+2. `readme.md` - Documentation updates
+3. `test/test.server.ts` - Add interface binding tests
+
+## Testing Strategy
+- Unit tests for interface validation
+- Integration tests for binding behavior
+- Error handling tests for invalid interfaces
+- Backwards compatibility tests

test/test.server.ts

@@ -179,19 +179,31 @@ async function stopServer(server: smartdns.DnsServer | null | undefined) {
   }
   
   try {
-    // Access private properties for checking before stopping
-    // @ts-ignore - accessing private properties for testing
-    const hasHttpsServer = server.httpsServer !== undefined && server.httpsServer !== null;
-    // @ts-ignore - accessing private properties for testing
-    const hasUdpServer = server.udpServer !== undefined && server.udpServer !== null;
+    // Set a timeout for stop operation
+    const stopPromise = server.stop();
+    const timeoutPromise = new Promise((_, reject) => {
+      setTimeout(() => reject(new Error('Stop operation timed out')), 5000);
+    });
     
-    // Only try to stop if there's something to stop
-    if (hasHttpsServer || hasUdpServer) {
-      await server.stop();
-    }
+    await Promise.race([stopPromise, timeoutPromise]);
   } catch (e) {
-    console.log('Handled error when stopping server:', e);
-    // Ignore errors during cleanup
+    console.log('Handled error when stopping server:', e.message || e);
+    
+    // Force close if normal stop fails
+    try {
+      // @ts-ignore - accessing private properties for emergency cleanup
+      if (server.httpsServer) {
+        (server as any).httpsServer.close();
+        (server as any).httpsServer = null;
+      }
+      // @ts-ignore - accessing private properties for emergency cleanup
+      if (server.udpServer) {
+        (server as any).udpServer.close();
+        (server as any).udpServer = null;
+      }
+    } catch (forceError) {
+      console.log('Force cleanup error:', forceError.message || forceError);
+    }
   }
 }
 
@@ -621,6 +633,125 @@ tap.test('should run for a while', async (toolsArg) => {
   await toolsArg.delayFor(1000);
 });
 
+tap.test('should bind to localhost interface only', async () => {
+  // Clean up any existing server
+  await stopServer(dnsServer);
+  
+  const httpsData = await tapNodeTools.createHttpsCert();
+  dnsServer = new smartdns.DnsServer({
+    httpsKey: httpsData.key,
+    httpsCert: httpsData.cert,
+    httpsPort: getUniqueHttpsPort(),
+    udpPort: getUniqueUdpPort(),
+    dnssecZone: 'example.com',
+    udpBindInterface: '127.0.0.1',
+    httpsBindInterface: '127.0.0.1'
+  });
+  
+  // Add timeout to start operation
+  const startPromise = dnsServer.start();
+  const timeoutPromise = new Promise((_, reject) => {
+    setTimeout(() => reject(new Error('Start operation timed out')), 10000);
+  });
+  
+  await Promise.race([startPromise, timeoutPromise]);
+  
+  // @ts-ignore - accessing private property for testing
+  expect(dnsServer.httpsServer).toBeDefined();
+  // @ts-ignore - accessing private property for testing
+  expect(dnsServer.udpServer).toBeDefined();
+  
+  await stopServer(dnsServer);
+  dnsServer = null;
+});
+
+tap.test('should reject invalid IP addresses', async () => {
+  const httpsData = await tapNodeTools.createHttpsCert();
+  
+  // Test invalid UDP interface
+  dnsServer = new smartdns.DnsServer({
+    httpsKey: httpsData.key,
+    httpsCert: httpsData.cert,
+    httpsPort: getUniqueHttpsPort(),
+    udpPort: getUniqueUdpPort(),
+    dnssecZone: 'example.com',
+    udpBindInterface: 'invalid-ip',
+  });
+  
+  let error1 = null;
+  try {
+    await dnsServer.start();
+  } catch (err) {
+    error1 = err;
+  }
+  
+  expect(error1).toBeDefined();
+  expect(error1.message).toContain('Invalid UDP bind interface');
+  
+  // Test invalid HTTPS interface
+  dnsServer = new smartdns.DnsServer({
+    httpsKey: httpsData.key,
+    httpsCert: httpsData.cert,
+    httpsPort: getUniqueHttpsPort(),
+    udpPort: getUniqueUdpPort(),
+    dnssecZone: 'example.com',
+    httpsBindInterface: '999.999.999.999',
+  });
+  
+  let error2 = null;
+  try {
+    await dnsServer.start();
+  } catch (err) {
+    error2 = err;
+  }
+  
+  expect(error2).toBeDefined();
+  expect(error2.message).toContain('Invalid HTTPS bind interface');
+  
+  dnsServer = null;
+});
+
+tap.test('should work with IPv6 localhost if available', async () => {
+  // Clean up any existing server
+  await stopServer(dnsServer);
+  
+  // Skip IPv6 test if not supported
+  try {
+    const testSocket = require('dgram').createSocket('udp6');
+    testSocket.bind(0, '::1');
+    testSocket.close();
+  } catch (err) {
+    console.log('IPv6 not supported in this environment, skipping test');
+    return;
+  }
+  
+  const httpsData = await tapNodeTools.createHttpsCert();
+  dnsServer = new smartdns.DnsServer({
+    httpsKey: httpsData.key,
+    httpsCert: httpsData.cert,
+    httpsPort: getUniqueHttpsPort(),
+    udpPort: getUniqueUdpPort(),
+    dnssecZone: 'example.com',
+    udpBindInterface: '::1',
+    httpsBindInterface: '::1'
+  });
+  
+  try {
+    await dnsServer.start();
+    
+    // @ts-ignore - accessing private property for testing
+    expect(dnsServer.httpsServer).toBeDefined();
+    
+    await stopServer(dnsServer);
+  } catch (err) {
+    console.log('IPv6 binding failed:', err.message);
+    await stopServer(dnsServer);
+    throw err;
+  }
+  
+  dnsServer = null;
+});
+
 tap.test('should stop the server', async () => {
   // Clean up any existing server
   await stopServer(dnsServer);

ts/00_commitinfo_data.ts

@@ -3,6 +3,6 @@
  */
 export const commitinfo = {
   name: '@push.rocks/smartdns',
-  version: '7.1.0',
+  version: '7.4.1',
   description: 'A robust TypeScript library providing advanced DNS management and resolution capabilities including support for DNSSEC, custom DNS servers, and integration with various DNS providers.'
 }

ts_server/classes.dnsserver.ts

@@ -8,6 +8,11 @@ export interface IDnsServerOptions {
   httpsPort: number;
   udpPort: number;
   dnssecZone: string;
+  udpBindInterface?: string;
+  httpsBindInterface?: string;
+  // New options for independent manual socket control
+  manualUdpMode?: boolean;
+  manualHttpsMode?: boolean;
 }
 
 export interface DnsAnswer {
@@ -31,18 +36,6 @@ interface DNSKEYData {
   key: Buffer;
 }
 
-interface RRSIGData {
-  typeCovered: string; // Changed to string to match dns-packet expectations
-  algorithm: number;
-  labels: number;
-  originalTTL: number;
-  expiration: number;
-  inception: number;
-  keyTag: number;
-  signerName: string;
-  signature: Buffer;
-}
-
 // Let's Encrypt related interfaces
 interface LetsEncryptOptions {
   email?: string;
@@ -60,6 +53,10 @@ export class DnsServer {
   private dnskeyRecord: DNSKEYData;
   private keyTag: number;
 
+  // Track if servers are initialized
+  private udpServerInitialized: boolean = false;
+  private httpsServerInitialized: boolean = false;
+
   constructor(private options: IDnsServerOptions) {
     // Initialize DNSSEC
     this.dnsSec = new DnsSec({
@@ -70,13 +67,125 @@ export class DnsServer {
     });
 
     // Generate DNSKEY and DS records
-    const { dsRecord, dnskeyRecord } = this.dnsSec.getDsAndKeyPair();
+    const { dnskeyRecord } = this.dnsSec.getDsAndKeyPair();
 
     // Parse DNSKEY record into dns-packet format
     this.dnskeyRecord = this.parseDNSKEYRecord(dnskeyRecord);
     this.keyTag = this.computeKeyTag(this.dnskeyRecord);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Initialize servers without binding to ports
+   * This is called automatically by start() or can be called manually
+   */
+  public initializeServers(): void {
+    this.initializeUdpServer();
+    this.initializeHttpsServer();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Initialize UDP server without binding
+   */
+  public initializeUdpServer(): void {
+    if (this.udpServerInitialized) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Create UDP socket without binding
+    const udpInterface = this.options.udpBindInterface || '0.0.0.0';
+    const socketType = this.isIPv6(udpInterface) ? 'udp6' : 'udp4';
+    this.udpServer = plugins.dgram.createSocket(socketType);
+    
+    // Set up UDP message handler
+    this.udpServer.on('message', (msg, rinfo) => {
+      this.handleUdpMessage(msg, rinfo);
+    });
+
+    this.udpServer.on('error', (err) => {
+      console.error(`UDP Server error:\n${err.stack}`);
+      this.udpServer.close();
+    });
+
+    this.udpServerInitialized = true;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Initialize HTTPS server without binding
+   */
+  public initializeHttpsServer(): void {
+    if (this.httpsServerInitialized) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Create HTTPS server without listening
+    this.httpsServer = plugins.https.createServer(
+      {
+        key: this.options.httpsKey,
+        cert: this.options.httpsCert,
+      },
+      this.handleHttpsRequest.bind(this)
+    );
+
+    this.httpsServerInitialized = true;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Handle a raw TCP socket for HTTPS/DoH
+   * @param socket The TCP socket to handle
+   */
+  public handleHttpsSocket(socket: plugins.net.Socket): void {
+    if (!this.httpsServer) {
+      this.initializeHttpsServer();
+    }
+    
+    // Emit connection event on the HTTPS server
+    this.httpsServer.emit('connection', socket);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Handle a UDP message manually
+   * @param msg The DNS message buffer
+   * @param rinfo Remote address information
+   * @param responseCallback Optional callback to handle the response
+   */
+  public handleUdpMessage(
+    msg: Buffer, 
+    rinfo: plugins.dgram.RemoteInfo,
+    responseCallback?: (response: Buffer, rinfo: plugins.dgram.RemoteInfo) => void
+  ): void {
+    try {
+      const request = dnsPacket.decode(msg);
+      const response = this.processDnsRequest(request);
+      const responseData = dnsPacket.encode(response);
+      
+      if (responseCallback) {
+        // Use custom callback if provided
+        responseCallback(responseData, rinfo);
+      } else if (this.udpServer && !this.options.manualUdpMode) {
+        // Use the internal UDP server to send response
+        this.udpServer.send(responseData, rinfo.port, rinfo.address);
+      }
+      // In manual mode without callback, caller is responsible for sending response
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.error('Error processing UDP DNS request:', err);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Process a raw DNS packet and return the response
+   * This is useful for custom transport implementations
+   */
+  public processRawDnsPacket(packet: Buffer): Buffer {
+    try {
+      const request = dnsPacket.decode(packet);
+      const response = this.processDnsRequest(request);
+      return dnsPacket.encode(response);
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.error('Error processing raw DNS packet:', err);
+      throw err;
+    }
+  }
+
   public registerHandler(
     domainPattern: string,
     recordTypes: string[],
@@ -183,7 +292,7 @@ export class DnsServer {
         const domain = auth.identifier.value;
         
         // Get DNS challenge
-        const challenge = auth.challenges.find(c => c.type === 'dns-01');
+        const challenge = auth.challenges.find((c: any) => c.type === 'dns-01');
         if (!challenge) {
           throw new Error(`No DNS-01 challenge found for ${domain}`);
         }
@@ -265,8 +374,10 @@ export class DnsServer {
       this.options.httpsCert = certificate;
       this.options.httpsKey = privateKey;
       
-      // Restart HTTPS server with new certificate
-      await this.restartHttpsServer();
+      // Restart HTTPS server with new certificate (only if not in manual HTTPS mode)
+      if (!this.options.manualHttpsMode) {
+        await this.restartHttpsServer();
+      }
       
       // Clean up challenge handlers
       for (const handler of challengeHandlers) {
@@ -334,10 +445,15 @@ export class DnsServer {
                 this.handleHttpsRequest.bind(this)
               );
               
-              this.httpsServer.listen(this.options.httpsPort, () => {
-                console.log(`HTTPS DNS server restarted on port ${this.options.httpsPort} with test certificate`);
+              if (!this.options.manualHttpsMode) {
+                const httpsInterface = this.options.httpsBindInterface || '0.0.0.0';
+                this.httpsServer.listen(this.options.httpsPort, httpsInterface, () => {
+                  console.log(`HTTPS DNS server restarted on ${httpsInterface}:${this.options.httpsPort} with test certificate`);
+                  resolve();
+                });
+              } else {
                 resolve();
-              });
+              }
               return;
             }
           }
@@ -351,10 +467,15 @@ export class DnsServer {
             this.handleHttpsRequest.bind(this)
           );
           
-          this.httpsServer.listen(this.options.httpsPort, () => {
-            console.log(`HTTPS DNS server restarted on port ${this.options.httpsPort} with new certificate`);
+          if (!this.options.manualHttpsMode) {
+            const httpsInterface = this.options.httpsBindInterface || '0.0.0.0';
+            this.httpsServer.listen(this.options.httpsPort, httpsInterface, () => {
+              console.log(`HTTPS DNS server restarted on ${httpsInterface}:${this.options.httpsPort} with new certificate`);
+              resolve();
+            });
+          } else {
             resolve();
-          });
+          }
         } catch (err) {
           console.error('Error creating HTTPS server with new certificate:', err);
           reject(err);
@@ -386,6 +507,25 @@ export class DnsServer {
     return authorizedDomains;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Validate if a string is a valid IP address (IPv4 or IPv6)
+   */
+  private isValidIpAddress(ip: string): boolean {
+    // IPv4 pattern
+    const ipv4Pattern = /^(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)$/;
+    // IPv6 pattern (simplified but more comprehensive)
+    const ipv6Pattern = /^(::1|::)$|^([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){7}[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}$/;
+    
+    return ipv4Pattern.test(ip) || ipv6Pattern.test(ip);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Determine if an IP address is IPv6
+   */
+  private isIPv6(ip: string): boolean {
+    return ip.includes(':');
+  }
+
   /**
    * Check if the server is authoritative for a domain
    */
@@ -683,45 +823,76 @@ export class DnsServer {
   }
 
   public async start(): Promise<void> {
-    this.httpsServer = plugins.https.createServer(
-      {
-        key: this.options.httpsKey,
-        cert: this.options.httpsCert,
-      },
-      this.handleHttpsRequest.bind(this)
-    );
-
-    this.udpServer = plugins.dgram.createSocket('udp4');
-    this.udpServer.on('message', (msg, rinfo) => {
-      const request = dnsPacket.decode(msg);
-      const response = this.processDnsRequest(request);
-      const responseData = dnsPacket.encode(response);
-      this.udpServer.send(responseData, rinfo.port, rinfo.address);
-    });
-
-    this.udpServer.on('error', (err) => {
-      console.error(`UDP Server error:\n${err.stack}`);
-      this.udpServer.close();
-    });
-
-    const udpListeningDeferred = plugins.smartpromise.defer<void>();
-    const httpsListeningDeferred = plugins.smartpromise.defer<void>();
-
-    try {
-      this.udpServer.bind(this.options.udpPort, '0.0.0.0', () => {
-        console.log(`UDP DNS server running on port ${this.options.udpPort}`);
-        udpListeningDeferred.resolve();
-      });
-
-      this.httpsServer.listen(this.options.httpsPort, () => {
-        console.log(`HTTPS DNS server running on port ${this.options.httpsPort}`);
-        httpsListeningDeferred.resolve();
-      });
-    } catch (err) {
-      console.error('Error starting DNS server:', err);
-      process.exit(1);
+    // Initialize servers based on what's needed
+    if (!this.options.manualUdpMode) {
+      this.initializeUdpServer();
+    }
+    if (!this.options.manualHttpsMode) {
+      this.initializeHttpsServer();
+    }
+
+    // Handle different mode combinations
+    const udpManual = this.options.manualUdpMode || false;
+    const httpsManual = this.options.manualHttpsMode || false;
+
+    if (udpManual && httpsManual) {
+      console.log('DNS server started in full manual mode - ready to accept connections');
+      return;
+    } else if (udpManual && !httpsManual) {
+      console.log('DNS server started with manual UDP mode and automatic HTTPS binding');
+    } else if (!udpManual && httpsManual) {
+      console.log('DNS server started with automatic UDP binding and manual HTTPS mode');
+    }
+
+    // Validate interface addresses if provided
+    const udpInterface = this.options.udpBindInterface || '0.0.0.0';
+    const httpsInterface = this.options.httpsBindInterface || '0.0.0.0';
+    
+    if (this.options.udpBindInterface && !this.isValidIpAddress(this.options.udpBindInterface)) {
+      throw new Error(`Invalid UDP bind interface: ${this.options.udpBindInterface}`);
+    }
+    
+    if (this.options.httpsBindInterface && !this.isValidIpAddress(this.options.httpsBindInterface)) {
+      throw new Error(`Invalid HTTPS bind interface: ${this.options.httpsBindInterface}`);
+    }
+
+    const promises: Promise<void>[] = [];
+
+    // Bind UDP if not in manual UDP mode
+    if (!udpManual) {
+      const udpListeningDeferred = plugins.smartpromise.defer<void>();
+      promises.push(udpListeningDeferred.promise);
+
+      try {
+        this.udpServer.bind(this.options.udpPort, udpInterface, () => {
+          console.log(`UDP DNS server running on ${udpInterface}:${this.options.udpPort}`);
+          udpListeningDeferred.resolve();
+        });
+      } catch (err) {
+        console.error('Error starting UDP DNS server:', err);
+        udpListeningDeferred.reject(err);
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Bind HTTPS if not in manual HTTPS mode
+    if (!httpsManual) {
+      const httpsListeningDeferred = plugins.smartpromise.defer<void>();
+      promises.push(httpsListeningDeferred.promise);
+
+      try {
+        this.httpsServer.listen(this.options.httpsPort, httpsInterface, () => {
+          console.log(`HTTPS DNS server running on ${httpsInterface}:${this.options.httpsPort}`);
+          httpsListeningDeferred.resolve();
+        });
+      } catch (err) {
+        console.error('Error starting HTTPS DNS server:', err);
+        httpsListeningDeferred.reject(err);
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (promises.length > 0) {
+      await Promise.all(promises);
     }
-    await Promise.all([udpListeningDeferred.promise, httpsListeningDeferred.promise]);
   }
 
   public async stop(): Promise<void> {
@@ -755,6 +926,8 @@ export class DnsServer {
     }
 
     await Promise.all([doneUdp.promise, doneHttps.promise]);
+    this.udpServerInitialized = false;
+    this.httpsServerInitialized = false;
   }
 
   // Helper methods

ts_server/plugins.ts

@@ -4,14 +4,16 @@ import dgram from 'dgram';
 import fs from 'fs';
 import http from 'http';
 import https from 'https';
+import * as net from 'net';
 import * as path from 'path';
 
 export {
   crypto,
+  dgram,
   fs,
   http,
   https,
-  dgram,
+  net,
   path,
 }