feat(specs): add whole-house water system and cellar datacenter specifications with cross-document coordination updates
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# Changelog
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## 2026-03-15 - 1.2.0 - feat(specs)
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add whole-house water system and cellar datacenter specifications with cross-document coordination updates
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- Introduce a new water system specification covering point-of-entry reverse osmosis, 316L stainless steel distribution, leak detection, monitoring, and installation sequencing.
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- Introduce a new home datacenter specification for a reinforced concrete cellar with racks, cooling, UPS, elevator, structured cabling, and commissioning requirements.
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- Update existing air, automation, Baufritz coordination, flooring, and README documents to integrate water treatment, plumbing access strategy, cellar infrastructure, electrical sizing, and datacenter monitoring requirements.
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## 2026-03-15 - 1.1.2 - fix(repo)
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no changes to commit
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@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ The open specification for building maximally maintainable, healthy homes.
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## What This Is
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A complete, opinionated building specification for a Baufritz timber-frame house engineered around **clean-room-level indoor air quality** and **lifetime maintainability**. Every system — air filtration, heating, flooring, wiring — is designed so that components can be inspected, serviced, and replaced without destructive intervention.
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A complete, opinionated building specification for a Baufritz timber-frame house engineered around **clean-room-level indoor air quality**, **laboratory-grade water purity**, **self-hosted infrastructure**, and **lifetime maintainability**. Every system — air filtration, water treatment, heating, flooring, plumbing, datacenter — is designed so that components can be inspected, serviced, and replaced without destructive intervention.
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## Specification Documents
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@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@ A complete, opinionated building specification for a Baufritz timber-frame house
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| [02 — Sensors & Automation](specs/02-sensor-automation-spec.md) | Per-room air quality sensors, KNX/Zigbee architecture, Home Assistant integration, demand-controlled ventilation |
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| [03 — Baufritz Coordination](specs/03-baufritz-coordination-spec.md) | Technical room, duct routing, airtightness, radon protection, construction checkpoints |
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| [04 — Flooring & Ceiling](specs/04-flooring-ceiling-spec.md) | Lindner NORTEC Doppelboden raised floor, WOODline parquet, Plafotherm AirHybrid radiant ceiling |
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| [05 — Water System](specs/05-water-system-spec.md) | POE reverse osmosis, 316L stainless steel plumbing, ceiling-routed distribution, leak detection |
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| [06 — Home Datacenter](specs/06-datacenter-spec.md) | Cellar, 4x 42U racks, closed-loop cooling, heat recovery, goods elevator, UPS, structured cabling |
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## Key Design Principles
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@@ -22,6 +24,10 @@ A complete, opinionated building specification for a Baufritz timber-frame house
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- **Heating via ceiling** (Plafotherm AirHybrid), not floor — fast response, furniture-independent, integrates MVHR supply air
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- **Raised access floor** (Lindner NORTEC Doppelboden) — individually liftable 600x600 mm panels for full access to services underneath
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- **Dry construction throughout** — no wet trades, ideal for Baufritz timber-frame
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- **Whole-house POE reverse osmosis** — 95-99% TDS removal, remineralized, UV-sterilized, PFAS/microplastic-free
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- **316L stainless steel plumbing** — food-grade, zero leaching, press-fit, routed accessibly under suspended ceiling
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- **Home datacenter in cellar** — 4x 42U racks, 10 kW closed-loop cooling, N+1 redundancy, heat recovery heats the house in winter
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- **Goods elevator** — 1000 kg capacity, cellar to ground floor, handles fully loaded server racks
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- **Positive pressure** (+3-5 Pa) — unfiltered air never enters the building envelope
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## PDF Build
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@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ Every occupied room requires a sensor unit. The following table defines sensor r
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| Office / Study | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Cognitive performance critical |
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| Bathroom(s) | No | No | No | Yes | No | Humidity control priority |
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| Basement / Ground Floor | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes | Radon monitoring mandatory |
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| Cellar Datacenter | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | Rack inlet/exhaust temps, humidity, leak, smoke, power (see 06-datacenter-spec Section 9) |
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| Technical Room | No | No | No | Yes | No | Equipment monitoring |
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### 2.1 Sensor Mounting Guidelines
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@@ -173,6 +174,16 @@ flowchart TD
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| Ceiling Heating/Cooling | Manifold actuators + surface temp | Per-zone heating/cooling status |
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| Ceiling Surface Temp | Embedded ceiling sensors | Condensation risk indicator (vs. dewpoint) |
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| Floor Surface Temp | Embedded floor sensors (if cooling) | Comfort limit monitoring |
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| Water Quality Index | TDS + pH sensors | At-a-glance water quality (see 05-water-system-spec) |
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| RO Membrane Health | Post-RO TDS vs. feed TDS | Rejection rate %, replacement prediction |
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| Water Consumption | Per-branch flow meters | Daily/weekly usage per zone |
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| Leak Detection Map | Capacitive leak sensors | Green/red per zone, auto shut-off status |
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| Hot Water Status | Tank temp + recirculation temp | Availability and efficiency |
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| Datacenter Rack Temps | 8x temperature sensors | Inlet/exhaust per rack, color-coded |
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| Datacenter Power | Per-PDU metering | Total + per-rack kW, PUE metric |
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| Datacenter Cooling | Cooling unit Modbus/SNMP | Compressor status, inlet/outlet temps |
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| UPS Status | UPS SNMP | Battery %, load %, runtime remaining |
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| Datacenter Smoke | VESDA / optical | Alert level (normal/pre-alarm/alarm) |
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### 5.2 Alerting
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@@ -181,6 +192,12 @@ flowchart TD
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| Info | Dashboard notification | Filter approaching change interval |
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| Warning | Push notification | CO₂ > 1000 ppm, RH > 65% |
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| Critical | Push + audible alarm | Filter failure, PM2.5 spike, radon > 300 Bq/m³ |
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| Info | Dashboard notification | Water filter approaching change interval |
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| Warning | Push notification | RO rejection < 95%, post-remin pH < 7.0 |
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| Critical | Push + audible alarm + **auto shut-off** | Water leak detected, RO rejection < 90% |
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| Warning | Push notification | Datacenter inlet temp > 27 C, UPS on battery |
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| Critical | Push + audible alarm | Datacenter inlet temp > 32 C, datacenter water leak, smoke pre-alarm |
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| Emergency | Push + audible + **auto-shutdown** | Datacenter temp > 35 C, smoke alarm, UPS battery < 20% |
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### 5.3 Data Logging
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@@ -243,5 +260,15 @@ The following must be specified at construction stage:
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| Outdoor sensor power + data | 1 | North-facing exterior | Weatherproof outlet + Cat6 |
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| Ceiling surface temp sensors | 1 per zone | Embedded in Plafotherm panels | 4-wire shielded |
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| Floor surface temp sensors | 2-3 per zone | On/in parquet surface | 4-wire shielded |
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| Water TDS/pH sensors | 2 inline | Post-RO + post-remineralization | 4-20mA / Modbus |
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| Water flow meters | 1 per branch + 1 total | At manifold in technical room | Pulse / KNX |
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| Water leak sensors | 1 per manifold + 1 per fixture + ceiling void | Under fixtures, ceiling low points | Capacitive / Zigbee |
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| Motorized shut-off valve | 1 | Water entry point (POE) | KNX, fail-closed |
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| Fiber backbone (OS2) | 2 bundles (12-core each) | Cellar to ground floor + upper floor | Single-mode, 10G+ |
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| Datacenter temp sensors | 8 | Per-rack inlet + exhaust | Modbus / SNMP |
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| Datacenter leak sensors | 4 | Under cooling units, low points | Capacitive / Zigbee |
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| Datacenter smoke (VESDA) | 1 system | Cellar ceiling | Relay / Modbus |
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| Datacenter PDU metering | 8 PDUs | 2 per rack (A+B feeds) | SNMP |
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| Datacenter door contact | 1 | Entry door | KNX / Zigbee |
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**Note**: On the ground floor, KNX bus cable and Cat6 runs can be routed through the Lindner NORTEC Doppelboden cavity instead of wall chases, simplifying installation (see 04-flooring-ceiling-spec Section 6.1).
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@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ This document specifies requirements that must be communicated to and coordinate
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**The air system is not a retrofit. It must be designed into the structure from the beginning.**
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**The house includes a reinforced concrete cellar** housing a home datacenter (4x 42U racks, 10 kW cooling) and goods elevator. The cellar is built first; the Baufritz timber-frame is erected on top. See 06-datacenter-spec for full cellar, elevator, and datacenter specifications.
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---
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## 2. Technical Room Requirements
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@@ -16,7 +18,7 @@ A dedicated technical room is required for the air handling equipment. This is n
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| Parameter | Requirement |
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|-----------|-------------|
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| Floor area | 4–6 m² minimum (ideally 6–8 m²) |
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| Floor area | **8–10 m²** (air system + water treatment — see 05-water-system-spec Section 11.1) |
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| Ceiling height | ≥ 2.4 m |
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| Access | Full-width door (≥ 900 mm), no obstructions |
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| Floor | Waterproof, drainable (steam humidifier condensate) |
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@@ -208,19 +210,36 @@ If the house includes an attached garage:
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| MVHR dedicated | 230V / 16A | MVHR unit power |
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| Humidifier dedicated | 230V / 16A (or 400V / 3-phase) | Steam humidifier (high wattage) |
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| Controls | 230V / 10A | KNX power supply, gateway, sensors |
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| RO booster pump | 230V / 16A | Reverse osmosis feed pressure (see 05-water-system-spec) |
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| Distribution pump | 230V / 10A | Water distribution pressure |
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| UV sterilizer | 230V / 10A | Post-storage UV-C sterilization |
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| Recirculation pump | 230V / 10A | Hot water recirculation loop |
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| Backup/spare | 230V / 16A | Future expansion |
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### 8.2 Building-Wide Wiring
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### 8.2 Main Electrical Distribution
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The total house electrical demand including the cellar datacenter requires a properly sized main distribution:
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| Parameter | Specification |
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|-----------|--------------|
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| Main fuse | **3×80A** (400V 3-phase) = ~55 kW capacity |
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| Main distribution board | Located in cellar electrical room (see 06-datacenter-spec Section 4.2) |
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| Sub-boards | Ground floor, upper floor, technical room (air/water), cellar/datacenter |
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| Surge protection | Type 1+2 SPD at main board |
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| Metering | Smart meter with Home Assistant integration |
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### 8.3 Building-Wide Wiring
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| Item | Specification |
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|------|--------------|
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| KNX bus cable | To every zone (MVHR dampers, sensors) |
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| Cat6a shielded | To every room (sensor data, future-proofing) |
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| Cat6a shielded | 2× per room (dual-purpose: data network + sensor — see 06-datacenter-spec Section 6.2) |
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| Fiber backbone | 12-core OS2 single-mode from cellar to each floor (10G+ backbone) |
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| 230V at sensor points | USB power for sensor units |
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| Outdoor sensor cable | Weatherproof, north wall |
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| ΔP sensor cabling | 5× runs from filter housing to control panel |
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**All wiring for the air system must be specified on Baufritz's electrical plan before wall construction begins.** Retrofit wiring in a sealed timber-frame house is extremely difficult and expensive.
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**All wiring must be specified on Baufritz's electrical plan before wall construction begins.** Retrofit wiring in a sealed timber-frame house is extremely difficult and expensive. The fiber and Cat6a backbone risers from the cellar must be coordinated with the elevator shaft and/or dedicated cable riser.
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---
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@@ -230,7 +249,12 @@ If the house includes an attached garage:
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| Phase | Checkpoint |
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|-------|-----------|
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| Foundation | Radon membrane installed and sealed at all penetrations |
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| Cellar construction | Reinforced concrete cellar complete, waterproofed, radon membrane sealed |
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| Cellar construction | Elevator shaft cast, anchor bolt locations verified |
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| Cellar construction | Cellar slab level tolerance verified (+/- 5 mm) for Baufritz erection |
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| Cellar construction | Electrical conduits cast into cellar slab for riser penetrations |
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| Foundation | Radon membrane continuous between cellar and ground floor |
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| Framing | Elevator shaft opening integrated into ground floor structure |
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| Framing | Duct routing voids verified, vertical risers in place |
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| Framing | Ceiling void dimensions verified for Plafotherm + MVHR trunk |
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| Pre-close | First blower door test (target ≤ 0.6 n50) |
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@@ -241,10 +265,19 @@ If the house includes an attached garage:
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| Interior finishing | Raised floor pedestals installed, subfloor leveling verified |
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| Interior finishing | Under-floor services (ducts, wiring) installed and pressure-tested |
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| Interior finishing | Floor panels and WOODline parquet tiles installed |
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| Interior finishing | 316L stainless steel water supply runs installed in ceiling void |
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| Interior finishing | Water supply pressure-tested at 16 bar for 2 hours |
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| Interior finishing | All press-fit joints verified accessible via ceiling panel removal |
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| Interior finishing | Drain/waste pipes installed in floor cavity |
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| Interior finishing | Verify no ducts compressed or kinked by finishing work |
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| Completion | Final blower door test |
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| Completion | Commission MVHR, set airflows, balance dampers / AirHybrid panels |
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| Completion | Commission ceiling heating/cooling, verify surface temperatures |
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| Completion | Commission RO system, verify TDS/pH at every outlet |
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| Completion | Commission leak detection, test auto shut-off valve |
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| Completion | Elevator installed and tested |
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| Completion | Datacenter racks, cooling, UPS commissioned (see 06-datacenter-spec Section 12) |
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| Completion | Structured cabling (fiber + Cat6a) tested and certified |
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| Completion | Commission sensors, verify readings, connect to Home Assistant |
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### 9.2 Commissioning Verification
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@@ -263,12 +296,12 @@ If the house includes an attached garage:
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## 10. Timeline Integration
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| Baufritz Phase | Air System Action | Lindner Floor/Ceiling Action |
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|----------------|-------------------|------------------------------|
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| Initial design | Specify MVHR unit, technical room size, duct routing | Confirm raised floor + Plafotherm, specify cavity heights and floor-to-floor height (≥ 3000 mm) |
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| Detailed planning | Approve duct routing on drawings, specify all penetrations | Lindner layout drawings for floor and ceiling, coordinate with MVHR plan |
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| Pre-fabrication | Confirm radon membrane spec, duct void dimensions | Verify subfloor level tolerance and ceiling anchor points in prefab panels |
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| Factory build | Verify duct voids in prefab wall/floor panels | No impact (Lindner systems installed on-site) |
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| On-site assembly | Supervise duct installation, first blower door test | Install ceiling system, then floor pedestals and cavity services |
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| Finishing | Sensor wiring, diffuser installation | Parquet tile installation, floor and ceiling commissioning |
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| Handover | Full commissioning, sensor calibration, HA setup | Heating/cooling commissioning, AirHybrid airflow verification |
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| Baufritz Phase | Air System Action | Lindner Floor/Ceiling Action | Water System Action | Cellar/Datacenter Action |
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|----------------|-------------------|------------------------------|---------------------|--------------------------|
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| Initial design | Specify MVHR unit, technical room size (8-10 m2), duct routing | Confirm raised floor + Plafotherm, specify cavity heights and floor-to-floor height (≥ 3000 mm) | Confirm POE RO location, municipal water entry, reject water drain | Cellar dimensions, elevator shaft location, main electrical sizing (3x80A) |
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| Detailed planning | Approve duct routing on drawings, specify all penetrations | Lindner layout drawings for floor and ceiling, coordinate with MVHR plan | 316L pipe routing in ceiling void, riser locations, fixture drop-down points | Cellar structural drawings, elevator spec, cooling condenser location |
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| Pre-fabrication | Confirm radon membrane spec, duct void dimensions | Verify subfloor level tolerance and ceiling anchor points in prefab panels | Confirm ceiling void can accommodate water pipes alongside MVHR and Plafotherm | **Cellar construction begins** (concrete, waterproofing, elevator shaft) |
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| Factory build | Verify duct voids in prefab wall/floor panels | No impact (Lindner systems installed on-site) | No impact (water system installed on-site) | Cellar complete, slab cured, ready for Baufritz erection |
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| On-site assembly | Supervise duct installation, first blower door test | Install ceiling suspension, route Plafotherm pipes | Install 316L supply mains in ceiling void (same phase as Plafotherm) | Elevator installed, main distribution board installed |
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| Finishing | Sensor wiring, diffuser installation | Plafotherm panels, floor pedestals, parquet tiles | Pressure-test pipes, install drain/waste in floor cavity, connect fixtures | Datacenter fit-out: racks, cooling, cabling, UPS |
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| Handover | Full commissioning, sensor calibration, HA setup | Heating/cooling commissioning, AirHybrid airflow verification | RO commissioning, TDS/pH verification, leak detection test | Cooling commissioning, fire detection test, HA integration |
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@@ -48,6 +48,10 @@ flowchart TD
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**Baufritz structural floor-to-floor height must be ≥ 3000 mm**, preferably 3100-3200 mm, to guarantee ≥ 2500 mm usable room height on all floors after both Lindner systems are installed. This must be specified at the initial design stage — it cannot be changed after prefabrication begins.
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**Note**: The 316L stainless steel water supply pipes (28 mm OD + 13 mm insulation = ~54 mm total) fit within the existing 300 mm ceiling void allocation alongside MVHR trunk and Plafotherm pipes. No change to the room height budget is required. See 05-water-system-spec Section 6.2.
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**Note**: The Lindner raised floor and Plafotherm ceiling systems apply to the ground floor and upper floor only. The cellar/basement is reinforced concrete with direct floor finish — no raised floor or radiant ceiling in the datacenter (see 06-datacenter-spec Section 2).
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---
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## 3. Raised Floor — Lindner NORTEC Doppelboden
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@@ -246,7 +250,12 @@ The ground floor raised floor cavity (200 mm) accommodates:
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- **KNX bus cable** to all room zones
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- **Cat6a shielded data** to all rooms
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- **Electrical wiring** (standard NYM cable)
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- **Plumbing** (where floor-level connections are needed)
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- **Drain/waste pipes** (PP push-fit, 40-110 mm — gravity-dependent, see 05-water-system-spec Section 7)
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- **Plumbing connections** (where floor-level fixture connections are needed)
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**Note**: Water supply pipes (hot + cold) run in the **ceiling void**, not the floor cavity. They are routed alongside the MVHR trunk and Plafotherm pipes, accessible by removing ceiling panels. See 05-water-system-spec Section 6.
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**Note**: Fiber backbone (12-core OS2 single-mode) and Cat6a structured cabling risers from the cellar datacenter enter the ground floor through dedicated cable risers and distribute through the Doppelboden cavity. See 06-datacenter-spec Section 6.2.
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**Constraints**:
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- Ducts must be rigid steel/aluminum — no semi-rigid flex except final 0.5 m
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417
specs/05-water-system-spec.md
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417
specs/05-water-system-spec.md
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@@ -0,0 +1,417 @@
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# Water System Specification — POE Reverse Osmosis + Stainless Steel Distribution
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## 1. Design Philosophy
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The same principle that governs the air system applies to water: **control every parameter, make it measurably better than the municipal supply — not merely acceptable, but actively health-positive.**
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- **Point of Entry (POE)**: Every drop of water in the house passes through the treatment system. Not a single-tap under-sink filter — whole-house purification. Drinking, cooking, showering, and appliances all receive treated water.
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- **Reverse Osmosis**: Removes 95-99% of dissolved solids including heavy metals, nitrates, pharmaceuticals, PFAS, and microplastics. The only residential technology that achieves near-laboratory water purity.
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- **Stainless Steel (316L)**: RO water is demineralized and slightly acidic (pH ~6.5 before remineralization). It would aggressively corrode copper pipes, leaching copper into the water. 316L stainless steel is completely inert, food-grade, and has zero leaching. Press-fit connections eliminate solder flux contamination.
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- **Ceiling routing**: Supply plumbing runs in the Plafotherm suspended ceiling void — accessible by removing a ceiling panel. Same maintainability principle as the raised floor for electrical and data. No pipes buried in walls or screed. A leak is found and fixed in minutes, not days.
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- **Drain/waste routing**: Gravity-dependent waste pipes route in the raised floor cavity (ground floor) and vertical risers. Not in the ceiling void.
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**The water system is not a luxury filter. It is a controlled treatment chain that produces verified, monitored, food-grade water at every outlet in the house.**
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---
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## 2. Water Treatment Chain
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```mermaid
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flowchart TD
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A["Municipal Water Supply\nBremen/Grasberg mains"] --> B
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B["Motorized Master Shut-off\n316L ball valve, KNX-controlled"] --> C
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C["Stage 1: Sediment Pre-filter\n20 um + 5 um cartridges"] --> D
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D["Stage 2: Activated Carbon\nChlorine, VOC, taste/odor removal"] --> E
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E["Booster Pump\nVariable speed, 5-6 bar output"] --> F
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F["Stage 3: RO Membrane Bank\n95-99% TDS rejection"] --> G
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G["Stage 4: Remineralization\nCalcite + corosite, pH 7.0-7.5"] --> H
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H["Stage 5: UV Sterilization\n254 nm, 40 mJ/cm2 minimum"] --> I
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I["Buffer Tank\n200-300L 316L stainless steel"] --> J
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J["Distribution Pump\nVariable speed, maintains 3-4 bar"] --> K
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K["316L Stainless Steel\nCeiling Distribution"]
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F -->|"Reject Water\n25-50% of feed"| RJ["Garden Irrigation\nor Drain"]
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style F fill:#1a3d5e,color:#fff
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style H fill:#1a5e1a,color:#fff
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style B fill:#8b0000,color:#fff
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```
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### 2.1 Stage Details
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| Stage | Function | Media/Element | Change Interval | Initial Delta-P |
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|-------|----------|--------------|-----------------|-----------------|
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| 1 | Sediment removal | 20 um + 5 um spun polypropylene | Every 3-6 months | 20-40 kPa |
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| 2 | Chlorine + VOC removal | Granular activated carbon (GAC) | Every 6-12 months | 30-50 kPa |
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| 3 | Dissolved solids removal | TFC polyamide RO membranes | Every 2-3 years | 100-200 kPa |
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| 4 | Mineral addition | Calcite + corosex mixed media | When pH drops below 7.0 | Negligible |
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| 5 | Bacterial sterilization | UV-C lamp, quartz sleeve | Annual lamp replacement | N/A |
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### 2.2 Critical Design Rules
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- **Carbon BEFORE RO**: Chlorine destroys RO membranes. The activated carbon stage must remove all free chlorine before water reaches the membranes. This is non-negotiable.
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- **Remineralization AFTER RO**: Pure RO water (TDS 5-20 mg/L) is too aggressive for any metal contact and lacks essential minerals. Remineralization raises pH to 7.0-7.5 and adds calcium/magnesium for health and pipe protection.
|
||||
- **UV AFTER storage**: The buffer tank is a potential bacterial growth site. UV sterilization must be the final treatment before distribution.
|
||||
- **Booster pump BEFORE RO**: RO membranes require 4-6 bar feed pressure for adequate rejection. Municipal pressure alone (3-4 bar typical) is insufficient.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 3. RO System Sizing
|
||||
|
||||
| Parameter | Specification |
|
||||
|-----------|--------------|
|
||||
| Household size | 4 persons |
|
||||
| Daily consumption (all uses) | 300-500 L/day |
|
||||
| Peak demand | 20-30 L/min (multiple fixtures simultaneous) |
|
||||
| RO rated capacity | 500-800 L/day (oversized for peak and membrane aging) |
|
||||
| Recovery ratio | 50-75% (with concentrate recirculation) |
|
||||
| Reject water volume | 125-250 L/day (plumbed to garden irrigation) |
|
||||
| Feed water pressure | 5-6 bar (via booster pump) |
|
||||
| Permeate TDS | 5-20 mg/L (before remineralization) |
|
||||
| Membrane type | TFC (Thin Film Composite) polyamide |
|
||||
| Number of membranes | 2-4 (parallel, commercial 4040 format) |
|
||||
|
||||
**Note**: Under-sink residential RO units (50-100 GPD) are far too small for whole-house use. This requires a commercial/light-industrial system with 4040-format membrane housings, a dedicated booster pump, and a properly sized buffer tank.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 4. Equipment Specifications
|
||||
|
||||
| Component | Specification | Location |
|
||||
|-----------|--------------|----------|
|
||||
| RO unit | Commercial-grade, multi-membrane, 316L frame | Technical room |
|
||||
| Pre-filter housings | 20" Big Blue, tool-free cartridge change | Technical room |
|
||||
| Remineralization vessel | 10" x 54" FRP tank, calcite + corosex media | Technical room |
|
||||
| UV sterilizer | 316L chamber, quartz sleeve, intensity monitor | Technical room |
|
||||
| Buffer tank | 200-300L, 316L stainless steel, atmospheric or diaphragm | Technical room |
|
||||
| Booster pump | Variable speed, 316L head, < 45 dB(A) | Technical room |
|
||||
| Distribution pump | Variable speed, pressure-maintaining, < 40 dB(A) | Technical room |
|
||||
| Master shut-off valve | 316L motorized ball valve, fail-closed, KNX | Water entry point |
|
||||
|
||||
**Technical room sizing**: The water treatment equipment requires approximately 2-3 m2 of floor space plus the buffer tank. The technical room must be expanded from 4-6 m2 (air system only) to **8-10 m2** to accommodate both air and water systems. See 03-baufritz-coordination-spec Section 2.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 5. Stainless Steel Plumbing
|
||||
|
||||
### 5.1 Material Specification
|
||||
|
||||
| Parameter | Specification |
|
||||
|-----------|--------------|
|
||||
| Grade | AISI 316L (EN 1.4404) |
|
||||
| Standard | DIN EN 10312 (stainless steel tubes for water) |
|
||||
| Approval | DVGW W 541 (drinking water) |
|
||||
| Internal surface | Electropolished or bright-annealed |
|
||||
| Wall thickness | 1.0-1.5 mm (per DIN EN 10312) |
|
||||
|
||||
**Why 316L, not 304**: 316L contains 2-3% molybdenum, providing superior resistance to chloride-induced pitting and crevice corrosion. RO permeate, while low in chlorides, is aggressive due to low pH and mineral content. 316L provides the maximum safety margin for a lifetime installation.
|
||||
|
||||
**Why not copper**: RO water (pH 6.0-6.5 before remineralization, TDS < 20 mg/L) is classified as "aggressive water" per DIN 50930-6. It would dissolve copper from pipes, exceeding the 2 mg/L limit within months. Even with remineralization, 316L eliminates any leaching risk entirely.
|
||||
|
||||
### 5.2 Connection System
|
||||
|
||||
| Parameter | Specification |
|
||||
|-----------|--------------|
|
||||
| System | Press-fit (Viega Sanpress Inox or Geberit Mapress Stainless Steel) |
|
||||
| Fitting material | 316L stainless steel |
|
||||
| O-ring material | EPDM (food-grade, KTW/W270 drinking water approved) |
|
||||
| Press tool | Standard Viega or Geberit press jaw |
|
||||
| Joint type | Permanent, no re-tightening required |
|
||||
|
||||
**No soldering**: Solder flux residue contaminates water and creates internal surface irregularities where biofilm accumulates. Press-fit is clean, fast, and permanent.
|
||||
|
||||
**No threaded connections**: Thread sealant (PTFE tape, hemp, paste) can harbor bacteria and degrade over time. Press-fit O-rings provide a clean, food-grade seal.
|
||||
|
||||
### 5.3 Pipe Sizes
|
||||
|
||||
| Function | Outer Diameter | Nominal Width | Insulation OD |
|
||||
|----------|---------------|---------------|---------------|
|
||||
| Main distribution (from manifold) | 28 mm | DN25 | ~54 mm |
|
||||
| Branch to rooms/zones | 22 mm | DN20 | ~48 mm |
|
||||
| Final connections to fixtures | 15 mm | DN12 | ~37 mm |
|
||||
| Hot water recirculation | 15 mm | DN12 | ~41 mm |
|
||||
|
||||
### 5.4 Insulation
|
||||
|
||||
| Pipe Type | Insulation Thickness | Material | Purpose |
|
||||
|-----------|---------------------|----------|---------|
|
||||
| Hot water supply | 13 mm | Closed-cell elastomeric (Armaflex HT) | Energy conservation, burn prevention |
|
||||
| Cold water supply | 9 mm | Closed-cell elastomeric (Armaflex AF) | Condensation prevention in ceiling void |
|
||||
| Hot water recirculation | 13 mm | Closed-cell elastomeric (Armaflex HT) | Energy conservation |
|
||||
|
||||
- All insulation continuous — no gaps at fittings (use pre-formed fitting covers)
|
||||
- Vapor-tight joints on cold water insulation (prevents condensation inside insulation)
|
||||
- Insulation must be UV-resistant if any sections are exposed
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 6. Distribution Architecture — Ceiling Routing
|
||||
|
||||
### 6.1 Manifold System
|
||||
|
||||
| Parameter | Specification |
|
||||
|-----------|--------------|
|
||||
| Material | 316L stainless steel |
|
||||
| Location | Technical room wall, accessible |
|
||||
| Configuration | Separate hot and cold manifolds |
|
||||
| Per-branch features | Individual shut-off valve + flow meter |
|
||||
| Monitoring | Flow data to Home Assistant via KNX/Modbus |
|
||||
|
||||
Each branch serves one zone (kitchen, bathroom 1, bathroom 2, utility, etc.). Individual shut-off allows isolating any zone for maintenance without affecting the rest of the house.
|
||||
|
||||
### 6.2 Ceiling Void Routing
|
||||
|
||||
Supply pipes run in the Plafotherm suspended ceiling void alongside existing services:
|
||||
|
||||
```mermaid
|
||||
flowchart TD
|
||||
subgraph CV["Ceiling Void Cross-Section (300 mm)"]
|
||||
A["Structural Ceiling Deck (top)"]
|
||||
B["MVHR Supply Trunk\n200-250 mm diameter"]
|
||||
C["Plafotherm Heating Pipes\nDN 13, multiple runs"]
|
||||
D["Hot Water Supply\n28 mm OD + 13 mm insulation"]
|
||||
E["Cold Water Supply\n28 mm OD + 9 mm insulation"]
|
||||
F["Plafotherm Suspension Profiles\n30-70 mm"]
|
||||
G["Plafotherm Ceiling Panel (bottom)\n30-50 mm radiant panel"]
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
A --> B
|
||||
B --> C
|
||||
C --> D
|
||||
D --> E
|
||||
E --> F
|
||||
F --> G
|
||||
|
||||
style B fill:#1a3d5e,color:#fff
|
||||
style C fill:#8b0000,color:#fff
|
||||
style D fill:#4a4a00,color:#fff
|
||||
style E fill:#1a5e5e,color:#fff
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Routing rules**:
|
||||
|
||||
- Hot and cold mains run parallel, minimum 50 mm apart (thermal separation)
|
||||
- Routed alongside (not crossing over) MVHR trunk duct where possible
|
||||
- Where crossing is necessary, pipes pass below the MVHR trunk with clearance
|
||||
- Pipe clamps: 316L stainless steel with EPDM isolation gasket (no galvanic contact with ceiling suspension steel)
|
||||
- Minimum 20 mm clearance from MVHR ducts
|
||||
- Drop-downs to fixtures through ceiling panel penetrations, sealed with airtight grommets (maintains house positive pressure)
|
||||
- **Every press-fit joint must be accessible by removing a Plafotherm ceiling panel** — no joints hidden above permanent structure
|
||||
|
||||
**Ceiling void capacity**: The supply pipes (28 mm OD + 13 mm insulation = ~54 mm total diameter) are small relative to the MVHR trunk (200-250 mm). They fit within the existing 300 mm ceiling void allocation without increasing depth. No change to the room height budget (see 04-flooring-ceiling-spec Section 2).
|
||||
|
||||
### 6.3 Hot Water Recirculation
|
||||
|
||||
| Parameter | Specification |
|
||||
|-----------|--------------|
|
||||
| Loop material | 316L stainless steel, 15 mm OD |
|
||||
| Insulation | 13 mm Armaflex HT |
|
||||
| Pump | Low-watt circulation pump (5-10 W), 316L wetted parts |
|
||||
| Control | Timer (active 06:00-23:00) + temperature sensor (activates when return temp drops below 45 C) |
|
||||
| Target | Hot water at every tap within 5 seconds |
|
||||
|
||||
A recirculation loop eliminates water waste from running taps waiting for hot water. The loop runs from the hot water manifold through the furthest fixture branch and back to the water heater.
|
||||
|
||||
### 6.4 Vertical Risers
|
||||
|
||||
- Dedicated 316L stainless steel risers between floors
|
||||
- Enclosed in accessible service shafts or boxed chases
|
||||
- Fire-stop collars at all floor penetrations (DIN 4102)
|
||||
- Accessible at both ceiling level (from below via ceiling panel) and floor level (from above via Doppelboden panel)
|
||||
- Insulated to prevent condensation and heat loss
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 7. Drain and Waste Routing
|
||||
|
||||
Drain and waste pipes are gravity-dependent and route separately from supply:
|
||||
|
||||
| Location | Routing | Pipe Material | Notes |
|
||||
|----------|---------|--------------|-------|
|
||||
| Ground floor | Doppelboden floor cavity (200 mm) | PP push-fit (Geberit Silent-PP) | Waste pipes 40-110 mm where cavity depth allows |
|
||||
| Upper floor | Vertical drops through floor deck | PP push-fit | Horizontal runs in floor cavity below, not ceiling |
|
||||
| Vertical stacks | Dedicated risers, boxed in | PP push-fit, 110 mm | Toilet waste, main stack |
|
||||
| Kitchen | Grease trap before main drain | Stainless steel trap | Prevents grease buildup in drain |
|
||||
| Bathroom | Standard DIN 1986 / EN 12056 sizing | PP push-fit | Waterproof membrane above floor panels |
|
||||
|
||||
**No horizontal waste runs in the ceiling void**: Waste pipes require gradient (1-2% fall per metre). Running them horizontally in the ceiling void would consume excessive depth and risk backup. All waste travels down, not sideways at ceiling level.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 8. Hot Water Generation
|
||||
|
||||
| Parameter | Specification |
|
||||
|-----------|--------------|
|
||||
| Primary option | Indirect cylinder heated by main heat pump (same unit feeding Plafotherm ceiling) |
|
||||
| Alternative | Dedicated heat pump water heater (COP 3-4) |
|
||||
| Tank volume | 200-300 L |
|
||||
| Tank material | 316L stainless steel inner |
|
||||
| Storage temperature | 55-60 C (Legionella prevention per DVGW W 551) |
|
||||
| Delivery temperature | 48 C at point of use (thermostatic mixing valves) |
|
||||
| Anti-scald | Thermostatic mixing valves at all outlets |
|
||||
| Legionella prevention | Weekly thermal disinfection to 70 C (automated, KNX-controlled) |
|
||||
| Integration | KNX bus, Home Assistant monitoring (tank temp, energy, demand profile) |
|
||||
|
||||
**Why 316L tank**: The same logic as the pipes — RO-treated water (even remineralized) has lower mineral content than municipal water. Enamel-lined tanks can develop pinhole corrosion at enamel defects. 316L is immune to this failure mode and lasts the lifetime of the building.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 9. Water Quality Targets
|
||||
|
||||
| Parameter | Target | Municipal Typical | RO Output (pre-remin) |
|
||||
|-----------|--------|-------------------|----------------------|
|
||||
| TDS (Total Dissolved Solids) | 50-150 mg/L | 200-500 mg/L | 5-20 mg/L |
|
||||
| pH | 7.0-7.5 | 7.0-8.5 | 6.0-6.5 |
|
||||
| Hardness | 4-8 dH (soft) | 10-25 dH | < 1 dH |
|
||||
| Free chlorine | 0 mg/L | 0.1-0.3 mg/L | 0 |
|
||||
| Lead | < 1 ug/L | < 10 ug/L | < 1 ug/L |
|
||||
| Copper | < 0.1 mg/L | < 2 mg/L | < 0.01 mg/L |
|
||||
| PFAS (total) | < 2 ng/L | 2-20 ng/L | < 2 ng/L |
|
||||
| Nitrate | < 5 mg/L | 10-50 mg/L | < 5 mg/L |
|
||||
| Microplastics | 0 particles/L | Present | 0 |
|
||||
| Bacteria (post-UV) | 0 CFU/mL | < 100 CFU/mL | 0 |
|
||||
| Pharmaceutical residues | < 0.01 ug/L | 0.01-0.1 ug/L | < 0.01 ug/L |
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 10. Sensors and Monitoring
|
||||
|
||||
### 10.1 Inline Sensors
|
||||
|
||||
| Sensor | Location | Parameter | Protocol |
|
||||
|--------|----------|-----------|----------|
|
||||
| TDS meter | Post-RO (before remin) | Membrane rejection health | 4-20mA / Modbus |
|
||||
| TDS meter | Post-remineralization | Mineral dosing verification | 4-20mA / Modbus |
|
||||
| pH sensor | Post-remineralization | pH correction verification | 4-20mA / Modbus |
|
||||
| Flow meter | Per-branch at manifold | Consumption monitoring | Pulse / KNX |
|
||||
| Flow meter | Total house | Total consumption | Pulse / KNX |
|
||||
| Pressure sensor | Feed (pre-booster) | Municipal supply pressure | 4-20mA |
|
||||
| Pressure sensor | Post-booster | Booster pump output | 4-20mA |
|
||||
| Pressure sensor | Distribution | System pressure | 4-20mA |
|
||||
| UV intensity | UV chamber | Sterilization dose verification | 4-20mA |
|
||||
| Temperature | Hot water tank | Storage temperature | KNX |
|
||||
| Temperature | Recirculation return | Loop efficiency | KNX |
|
||||
|
||||
### 10.2 Leak Detection
|
||||
|
||||
| Component | Specification |
|
||||
|-----------|--------------|
|
||||
| Leak sensors | Capacitive rope sensors at manifolds, under fixtures, ceiling void low points |
|
||||
| Master shut-off | 316L motorized ball valve at POE, fail-closed, KNX-controlled |
|
||||
| Auto shut-off triggers | Leak sensor activation, abnormal flow (continuous flow > 30 min without expected use), flow at 01:00-05:00 without manual override |
|
||||
| Response time | Valve closes within 5 seconds of trigger |
|
||||
| Manual override | Physical bypass valve for emergency (clearly labeled, sealed) |
|
||||
|
||||
### 10.3 Home Assistant Dashboard
|
||||
|
||||
| Widget | Data Source | Purpose |
|
||||
|--------|-----------|---------|
|
||||
| Water Quality Index | TDS + pH composite | At-a-glance water quality |
|
||||
| RO Membrane Health | Post-RO TDS vs. feed TDS | Rejection rate %, replacement prediction |
|
||||
| Daily Consumption | Flow meters | Per-branch and total usage |
|
||||
| Hot Water Status | Tank temp + recirculation temp | Availability and efficiency |
|
||||
| Leak Map | All leak sensors | Green/red per zone |
|
||||
| Filter Status | Delta-P sensors + calendar | Remaining life per stage |
|
||||
| UV Status | Intensity monitor | Lamp health |
|
||||
|
||||
### 10.4 Maintenance Alerts
|
||||
|
||||
| Condition | Alert Level | Action |
|
||||
|-----------|-------------|--------|
|
||||
| Sediment pre-filter Delta-P > 2x initial | Warning | Plan filter change |
|
||||
| Carbon pre-filter > 12 months | Warning | Replace cartridge |
|
||||
| RO rejection rate < 95% | Warning | Monitor closely, plan membrane replacement |
|
||||
| RO rejection rate < 90% | Critical | Replace membranes |
|
||||
| Post-remin TDS < 50 mg/L | Warning | Replenish remineralization media |
|
||||
| Post-remin pH < 7.0 | Warning | Replenish corosex media |
|
||||
| UV intensity < 80% of nominal | Warning | Plan lamp replacement |
|
||||
| UV intensity < 60% of nominal | Critical | Replace lamp immediately |
|
||||
| Any leak sensor active | Critical | Auto shut-off + push notification + audible alarm |
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 11. Baufritz Coordination
|
||||
|
||||
### 11.1 Technical Room Expansion
|
||||
|
||||
The water treatment system requires the technical room to expand from 4-6 m2 (air system only) to **8-10 m2**:
|
||||
|
||||
| Equipment | Floor Space | Notes |
|
||||
|-----------|-------------|-------|
|
||||
| RO unit + pre-filters | ~1.0 m2 | Wall-mounted or floor-standing rack |
|
||||
| Buffer tank (300L) | ~0.5 m2 | Floor-standing, 316L |
|
||||
| Hot water cylinder (300L) | ~0.5 m2 | Floor-standing, 316L |
|
||||
| Remineralization vessel | ~0.2 m2 | Floor-standing |
|
||||
| UV sterilizer | ~0.1 m2 | Wall-mounted, inline |
|
||||
| Access clearance | ~0.5 m2 | Front access for filter changes |
|
||||
|
||||
### 11.2 Additional Electrical Requirements
|
||||
|
||||
| Circuit | Rating | Purpose |
|
||||
|---------|--------|---------|
|
||||
| RO booster pump | 230V / 16A | Variable speed pump |
|
||||
| Distribution pump | 230V / 10A | Pressure-maintaining pump |
|
||||
| UV sterilizer | 230V / 10A | UV lamp power supply |
|
||||
| Recirculation pump | 230V / 10A | Hot water loop |
|
||||
| Water sensors | 230V / 10A | TDS, pH, flow meters, leak sensors |
|
||||
|
||||
### 11.3 Construction Checkpoints
|
||||
|
||||
| Phase | Checkpoint |
|
||||
|-------|-----------|
|
||||
| Framing | Ceiling void dimensions verified for water pipes alongside MVHR and Plafotherm |
|
||||
| Framing | Service shaft / riser locations confirmed for vertical pipe runs |
|
||||
| Pre-close | Municipal water entry point confirmed, drain for reject water available |
|
||||
| Interior | Stainless steel ceiling runs installed and pressure-tested at 16 bar for 2 hours |
|
||||
| Interior | All press-fit joints verified accessible via ceiling panel removal |
|
||||
| Completion | RO system commissioned, TDS/pH verified at every outlet |
|
||||
| Completion | Leak detection system tested (simulate leak, verify auto shut-off) |
|
||||
| Completion | Flow meters calibrated, connected to Home Assistant |
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 12. Installation Sequence
|
||||
|
||||
```mermaid
|
||||
flowchart TD
|
||||
A["1. Install water entry point\nmunicipal connection to technical room"] --> B
|
||||
B["2. Install RO system + buffer tank\nin technical room"] --> C
|
||||
C["3. Install ceiling manifolds\nhot + cold, 316L"] --> D
|
||||
D["4. Route stainless steel mains\nin ceiling void before Plafotherm panels"] --> E
|
||||
E["5. PRESSURE TEST\n16 bar for 2 hours, all joints"] --> F
|
||||
F["6. Install Plafotherm ceiling panels\ncovering pipe runs"] --> G
|
||||
G["7. Install vertical risers\nand drop-downs to fixtures"] --> H
|
||||
H["8. Route drain/waste\nin floor cavity and risers"] --> I
|
||||
I["9. Install hot water cylinder\nconnect to heat pump circuit"] --> J
|
||||
J["10. Connect all fixtures"] --> K
|
||||
K["11. Flush entire system\nverify TDS and pH at every outlet"] --> L
|
||||
L["12. Commission leak detection\ntest auto shut-off, connect to HA"]
|
||||
|
||||
style E fill:#1a5e1a,color:#fff
|
||||
style K fill:#1a5e5e,color:#fff
|
||||
style L fill:#1a5e5e,color:#fff
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Key checkpoints** (colored in diagram):
|
||||
- Step 5: Pressure test at 16 bar — must pass before ceiling panels are installed over pipe runs
|
||||
- Step 11: Water quality verification — TDS and pH must meet targets at every outlet
|
||||
- Step 12: Leak detection commissioning — simulate leak, verify automatic shut-off response
|
||||
|
||||
**Coordination with Plafotherm installation** (see 04-flooring-ceiling-spec Section 11.2): Water supply pipes must be installed **after** the ceiling suspension substructure but **before** the Plafotherm panels are fitted. This slots into steps 1-2 of the Plafotherm sequence (install suspension, route heating pipes) — water pipes are routed in the same phase.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 13. Estimated Annual Operating Costs
|
||||
|
||||
| Item | Interval | Cost per Change | Annual Cost |
|
||||
|------|----------|----------------|-------------|
|
||||
| Sediment pre-filters (2x) | 3-6 months | 10-20 EUR | 20-80 EUR |
|
||||
| Carbon pre-filter | 6-12 months | 30-50 EUR | 30-50 EUR |
|
||||
| RO membranes (2-4) | 2-3 years | 100-200 EUR per membrane | 70-200 EUR |
|
||||
| Remineralization media | 12-18 months | 30-50 EUR | 25-50 EUR |
|
||||
| UV lamp | 12 months | 40-80 EUR | 40-80 EUR |
|
||||
| Electricity (pumps + UV) | Continuous | ~0.5-1.0 kWh/day | 60-120 EUR |
|
||||
| Reject water (sewage cost) | Continuous | ~100-250 L/day | 30-60 EUR |
|
||||
| **Total** | | | **275-640 EUR/year** |
|
||||
|
||||
This is the cost of drinking laboratory-grade water from every tap. For context, a family of four spending 50 EUR/month on bottled water would spend 600 EUR/year — with plastic waste and without whole-house coverage.
|
||||
543
specs/06-datacenter-spec.md
Normal file
543
specs/06-datacenter-spec.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,543 @@
|
||||
# Home Datacenter Specification — Cellar, Racks, Cooling, Elevator
|
||||
|
||||
## 1. Design Philosophy
|
||||
|
||||
Self-hosted infrastructure. No cloud dependency for critical services. Full data sovereignty, minimal latency, maximum control.
|
||||
|
||||
- **Cellar location**: Thermal mass of underground concrete stabilizes temperature year-round. Sound isolation protects the living space above. Physical separation from living areas provides security and fire containment.
|
||||
- **Closed-loop cooling**: Datacenter air never mixes with the house air system. The cellar is a separate fire compartment with its own climate control. No impact on the H13 HEPA-filtered living space air quality.
|
||||
- **Heat recovery**: In winter, the 10 kW of server waste heat exceeds the entire Passivhaus heating demand. Water-cooled rear-door heat exchangers can feed this heat into the Plafotherm ceiling heating loop — the datacenter heats the house for free.
|
||||
- **Goods elevator**: Server racks, UPS batteries, and cooling equipment are heavy. A dedicated goods lift connects the ground floor to the cellar, making equipment installation and maintenance practical.
|
||||
- **Same maintainability principles**: Modular racks, hot-swap components, accessible cable management, full environmental monitoring via Home Assistant.
|
||||
|
||||
**The datacenter is not an afterthought. It is a purpose-built, climate-controlled, fire-separated facility with redundant power, cooling, and connectivity.**
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 2. Cellar Structure
|
||||
|
||||
The cellar is reinforced concrete construction — Baufritz timber-frame is for above-ground only. The cellar is built first, and the Baufritz house is erected on top of the cellar slab.
|
||||
|
||||
### 2.1 Dimensions
|
||||
|
||||
| Area | Minimum Size | Purpose |
|
||||
|------|-------------|---------|
|
||||
| Datacenter room | 20-25 m2 | 4 racks + cooling units + hot/cold aisle space |
|
||||
| Electrical distribution room | 6-8 m2 | Main distribution board, cellar sub-board, UPS |
|
||||
| Elevator machine room | 4-6 m2 | Hydraulic pump unit (if hydraulic drive) |
|
||||
| Utility / storage | 10-15 m2 | General storage, future expansion |
|
||||
| **Total cellar footprint** | **40-55 m2** | |
|
||||
|
||||
| Parameter | Requirement |
|
||||
|-----------|-------------|
|
||||
| Ceiling height | >= 2800 mm clear (42U rack = ~2000 mm + cable trays + cooling overhead) |
|
||||
| Floor-to-ceiling structural | >= 3000 mm (allows for cable tray + lighting below ceiling) |
|
||||
| Door width (datacenter) | >= 1200 mm (rack on trolley clearance) |
|
||||
| Door type | T30 fire-rated, self-closing, smoke-tight |
|
||||
|
||||
### 2.2 Construction Requirements
|
||||
|
||||
| Requirement | Specification |
|
||||
|-------------|--------------|
|
||||
| Construction | Reinforced concrete (C25/30 minimum) |
|
||||
| Waterproofing | White tank (Weisse Wanne) per DIN 18533, or external bituminous membrane |
|
||||
| Radon protection | Continuous with house radon membrane — sealed at cellar/ground floor junction |
|
||||
| Floor finish | Power-floated concrete with epoxy anti-dust coating |
|
||||
| Wall insulation | Internal insulation (XPS or mineral wool) to prevent condensation, avoid thermal bridge to living space |
|
||||
| Fire rating | F90 ceiling/walls separating cellar from ground floor (DIN 4102 / EN 13501) |
|
||||
| Ventilation | Dedicated mechanical exhaust (UPS battery off-gassing), separate from house MVHR |
|
||||
|
||||
### 2.3 Floor Load Capacity
|
||||
|
||||
| Load Case | Value | Notes |
|
||||
|-----------|-------|-------|
|
||||
| Loaded 42U rack | 800-1000 kg | Concentrated on 4 feet, ~600x1000 mm footprint |
|
||||
| Point load per rack foot | ~2.5 kN | Must not exceed concrete slab capacity |
|
||||
| UPS with batteries | 300-500 kg | Concentrated load |
|
||||
| Distributed live load | >= 5.0 kN/m2 | Per DIN EN 1991-1-1 (storage/industrial category) |
|
||||
|
||||
Reinforced concrete slab handles these loads easily. No raised floor required in the cellar — cables route overhead in ceiling-mounted trays.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 3. Rack Layout
|
||||
|
||||
### 3.1 Configuration
|
||||
|
||||
```mermaid
|
||||
flowchart LR
|
||||
subgraph COLD["Cold Aisle"]
|
||||
R1["Rack 1\nNetworking\n42U"]
|
||||
R2["Rack 2\nCompute\n42U"]
|
||||
R3["Rack 3\nCompute\n42U"]
|
||||
R4["Rack 4\nStorage\n42U"]
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
CU1["Cooling Unit 1\nIn-Row DX\n10 kW"] --> COLD
|
||||
CU2["Cooling Unit 2\nIn-Row DX\n10 kW\n(N+1 Redundancy)"] --> COLD
|
||||
|
||||
COLD --> HOT["Hot Aisle\nContained\nCeiling Return"]
|
||||
|
||||
style CU1 fill:#1a5e5e,color:#fff
|
||||
style CU2 fill:#1a5e5e,color:#fff
|
||||
style HOT fill:#8b0000,color:#fff
|
||||
style COLD fill:#1a3d5e,color:#fff
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Layout**: 4 racks in a single row, cold aisle facing the cooling units, hot aisle contained with ceiling return panels. The in-row cooling units sit at the ends of the row (or between racks 2 and 3 if center-mounted).
|
||||
|
||||
### 3.2 Rack Specifications
|
||||
|
||||
| Parameter | Specification |
|
||||
|-----------|--------------|
|
||||
| Type | 42U server rack, 19-inch standard |
|
||||
| Dimensions | 600 mm wide x 1000-1200 mm deep x 2000 mm high |
|
||||
| Recommended | Rittal TS IT, Schneider NetShelter SX, or equivalent |
|
||||
| Frame | Welded steel, powder coated, RAL 7035 or RAL 9005 |
|
||||
| Static load capacity | >= 1000 kg per rack |
|
||||
| Cable entry | Top and bottom, brush-strip sealed |
|
||||
| PDU mounting | Vertical, rear-mounted, 2x per rack (A+B feeds) |
|
||||
| Side panels | Removable, with key lock |
|
||||
| Front/rear doors | Perforated (>70% open area) for airflow |
|
||||
| Grounding | Each rack bonded to building equipotential bonding bar |
|
||||
| Leveling | Adjustable feet + floor anchor bolts |
|
||||
|
||||
### 3.3 Rack Allocation
|
||||
|
||||
| Rack | Primary Function | Power Budget |
|
||||
|------|-----------------|-------------|
|
||||
| 1 | Networking: switches, router/firewall, patch panels, fiber termination | 1-2 kW |
|
||||
| 2 | Compute: servers, hypervisors | 3-4 kW |
|
||||
| 3 | Compute: servers, GPU, AI workloads | 3-4 kW |
|
||||
| 4 | Storage: NAS, backup, archival | 1-2 kW |
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 4. Electrical System
|
||||
|
||||
### 4.1 Total House Power Budget
|
||||
|
||||
| Load | Peak Power | Notes |
|
||||
|------|-----------|-------|
|
||||
| Datacenter IT | 10 kW | 4 racks, 2.5 kW average |
|
||||
| Datacenter cooling | 3-5 kW | COP ~3 for precision cooling |
|
||||
| Datacenter misc (lighting, monitoring) | 0.5 kW | |
|
||||
| House MVHR + air system | 1-2 kW | EC motors, humidifier |
|
||||
| House water system (pumps, UV) | 0.5-1 kW | Booster, distribution, recirculation |
|
||||
| House heat pump | 3-5 kW | Heating/cooling for Plafotherm |
|
||||
| House general (lighting, appliances, cooking) | 5-8 kW | Peak domestic load |
|
||||
| Elevator | 5-10 kW | Intermittent, during operation only |
|
||||
| **Total peak** | **~25-35 kW** | |
|
||||
|
||||
### 4.2 Main Distribution Board
|
||||
|
||||
| Parameter | Specification |
|
||||
|-----------|--------------|
|
||||
| Location | Cellar electrical distribution room |
|
||||
| Main fuse | **3x80A** (400V 3-phase) = ~55 kW capacity |
|
||||
| Utility connection | Coordinated with local Netzbetreiber (grid operator) |
|
||||
| Metering | Smart meter with Home Assistant integration |
|
||||
| Sub-boards | Ground floor, upper floor, technical room (air/water), cellar/datacenter |
|
||||
| Surge protection | Type 1+2 SPD at main board |
|
||||
| RCD strategy | Per-circuit RCDs (Type A for general, Type B for IT/UPS with DC components) |
|
||||
|
||||
### 4.3 Datacenter Power Distribution
|
||||
|
||||
| Parameter | Specification |
|
||||
|-----------|--------------|
|
||||
| Sub-board location | Cellar electrical room, adjacent to datacenter |
|
||||
| Feed A | 3-phase 400V / 32A from main distribution |
|
||||
| Feed B | 3-phase 400V / 32A from main distribution (independent path) |
|
||||
| PDU per rack | 2x vertical metered PDU (one per feed), 230V/16A per outlet |
|
||||
| Outlet type | IEC C13 / C19 (standard server power connectors) |
|
||||
| Monitoring | Per-outlet power metering, SNMP + Home Assistant |
|
||||
| Circuit protection | MCB + Type B RCD per circuit |
|
||||
|
||||
### 4.4 UPS
|
||||
|
||||
| Parameter | Specification |
|
||||
|-----------|--------------|
|
||||
| Type | Online double-conversion (VFI per IEC 62040-3) |
|
||||
| Capacity | 10-15 kVA (covers full IT load) |
|
||||
| Battery runtime | >= 15 minutes at full load (graceful shutdown) |
|
||||
| Battery type | Lithium-ion (longer life, less off-gassing) or VRLA (lower cost) |
|
||||
| Location | Cellar electrical room, ventilated |
|
||||
| Monitoring | SNMP + Home Assistant (battery health, load %, runtime remaining) |
|
||||
| Bypass | Maintenance bypass switch for UPS service without downtime |
|
||||
| Transfer time | 0 ms (online double-conversion, no transfer gap) |
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 5. Cooling System
|
||||
|
||||
### 5.1 Requirements
|
||||
|
||||
| Parameter | Specification |
|
||||
|-----------|--------------|
|
||||
| Total heat rejection | 10 kW IT load + internal gains |
|
||||
| Closed-loop | Datacenter air does NOT mix with house air |
|
||||
| Inlet air target | 18-27 C (ASHRAE Class A1) |
|
||||
| Humidity target | 20-80% RH non-condensing |
|
||||
| Redundancy | N+1 (2 units, each capable of full 10 kW) |
|
||||
| Noise (indoor unit) | < 55 dB(A) (below ground, isolated from living space) |
|
||||
|
||||
### 5.2 Precision Cooling
|
||||
|
||||
| Parameter | Specification |
|
||||
|-----------|--------------|
|
||||
| Type | In-row direct expansion (DX) precision cooling |
|
||||
| Recommended | Rittal LCP DX, Schneider InRow DX, or equivalent |
|
||||
| Capacity per unit | >= 10 kW sensible cooling |
|
||||
| Quantity | 2 (N+1 redundancy) |
|
||||
| Refrigerant | R32 or R410A |
|
||||
| Indoor unit | In-row, between or beside racks |
|
||||
| Outdoor condenser | Wall-mounted or ground-level, weather-protected |
|
||||
| Condenser penetration | Through cellar wall, sealed and insulated |
|
||||
| Controls | Modbus or SNMP, integrated with Home Assistant |
|
||||
|
||||
### 5.3 Heat Recovery — Dual Mode
|
||||
|
||||
```mermaid
|
||||
flowchart TD
|
||||
MODE{"Season?"} -->|Winter| WINTER["Heat Recovery Mode"]
|
||||
MODE -->|Summer| SUMMER["Heat Rejection Mode"]
|
||||
|
||||
WINTER --> WC["Water-cooled rear-door\nheat exchangers on racks"]
|
||||
WC --> HP["Warm water 30-40C\nto Plafotherm ceiling loop"]
|
||||
HP --> HOUSE["House heated for free\nby 10 kW server waste heat"]
|
||||
|
||||
SUMMER --> DX["DX precision cooling\nindoor units"]
|
||||
DX --> COND["Outdoor condenser\nheat rejected to outside"]
|
||||
|
||||
style WINTER fill:#1a5e1a,color:#fff
|
||||
style SUMMER fill:#1a3d5e,color:#fff
|
||||
style HOUSE fill:#1a5e5e,color:#fff
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Winter mode**: The 10 kW datacenter heat load far exceeds the Passivhaus heating demand (~1.7-2.6 kW for 175 m2). Water-cooled rear-door heat exchangers capture server exhaust heat and feed warm water (30-40 C) into the Plafotherm ceiling heating circuit. The house heat pump can be largely or entirely bypassed in winter. Excess heat is still rejected outdoors.
|
||||
|
||||
**Summer mode**: Standard DX precision cooling. Indoor units cool the datacenter air, outdoor condensers reject heat. No connection to house heating loop.
|
||||
|
||||
**Transition**: Automatic changeover based on outdoor temperature and house heating demand, controlled via KNX/Home Assistant.
|
||||
|
||||
### 5.4 Airflow Management
|
||||
|
||||
- **Hot aisle containment**: ceiling-mounted containment panels above the hot aisle, directing hot exhaust air to cooling unit returns
|
||||
- **Blanking panels**: all unused rack U spaces filled (prevents hot/cold air mixing)
|
||||
- **Brush-strip seals**: at all cable entry points (top and bottom of racks)
|
||||
- **No recirculation**: cold aisle air must pass through equipment, not around it
|
||||
- **Aisle width**: minimum 1200 mm cold aisle (front access), 900 mm hot aisle (rear access)
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 6. Network Infrastructure
|
||||
|
||||
### 6.1 External Connectivity
|
||||
|
||||
| Parameter | Specification |
|
||||
|-----------|--------------|
|
||||
| Fiber entry | Minimum 2x independent fiber paths from street (ISP redundancy) |
|
||||
| Fiber type | Single-mode OS2 (future-proof for 100G+) |
|
||||
| Demarcation | Fiber patch panel in Rack 1 (networking rack) |
|
||||
| ISP handoff | LC/APC or SC/APC connectors |
|
||||
| Entry route | Underground conduit to cellar wall, sealed penetration |
|
||||
|
||||
### 6.2 Structured Cabling
|
||||
|
||||
| Segment | Cable Type | Quantity | Notes |
|
||||
|---------|-----------|----------|-------|
|
||||
| Cellar to each room | Cat6a shielded | 2x per room | Dual-purpose: data + sensor (upgrade from sensor-only) |
|
||||
| Cellar to ground floor | 12-core OS2 fiber | 1 bundle | 10G+ backbone to ground floor |
|
||||
| Cellar to upper floor | 12-core OS2 fiber | 1 bundle | 10G+ backbone to upper floor |
|
||||
| Within datacenter | Cat6a shielded | As needed | Rack-to-rack, short patch |
|
||||
| Backbone routing | Via elevator shaft riser or dedicated cable riser | | Fire-stopped at each floor penetration |
|
||||
|
||||
- **Cable trays**: perforated galvanized steel, ceiling-mounted in cellar, 200-300 mm wide
|
||||
- **Labeling**: every cable labeled at both ends, per TIA-606 or equivalent
|
||||
- **Testing**: all Cat6a links tested and certified to Cat6a channel performance
|
||||
- **Ground floor distribution**: fiber terminates in a small wall-mounted enclosure, Cat6a distributes through Doppelboden floor cavity
|
||||
- **Upper floor distribution**: fiber terminates in upper floor enclosure, Cat6a through ceiling void or wall chases
|
||||
|
||||
### 6.3 Rack 1 — Networking
|
||||
|
||||
| U Position | Equipment |
|
||||
|------------|-----------|
|
||||
| 1-2U | Fiber patch panel (ISP A + ISP B) |
|
||||
| 3-4U | Router / firewall appliance |
|
||||
| 5-6U | Core switch (10G SFP+ uplinks) |
|
||||
| 7-10U | Cat6a patch panels (48-port, structured cabling termination) |
|
||||
| 11-12U | Access switch(es) |
|
||||
| 13-14U | KVM-over-IP |
|
||||
| 15-42U | Reserved / expansion |
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 7. Elevator / Goods Lift
|
||||
|
||||
### 7.1 Purpose
|
||||
|
||||
Transport server racks (300-800 kg loaded), UPS batteries, cooling equipment, and general heavy items between ground floor and cellar. Also provides accessibility and future-proofing.
|
||||
|
||||
### 7.2 Specifications
|
||||
|
||||
| Parameter | Specification |
|
||||
|-----------|--------------|
|
||||
| Type | Goods lift / service elevator |
|
||||
| Load capacity | >= 1000 kg |
|
||||
| Car internal dimensions | >= 1100 mm wide x 1500 mm deep x 2200 mm high |
|
||||
| Door width | >= 1000 mm clear opening |
|
||||
| Door type | Single-panel sliding or bi-parting, automatic |
|
||||
| Stops | 2: cellar + ground floor (optional: upper floor) |
|
||||
| Drive type | Hydraulic (simpler for 2-stop, no machine room on roof) |
|
||||
| Machine room | Adjacent to shaft in cellar (hydraulic pump unit) |
|
||||
| Power | 400V 3-phase, dedicated circuit |
|
||||
| Speed | 0.3-0.6 m/s (goods lift standard) |
|
||||
| Standards | EN 81-20 / EN 81-50 (safety), DIN EN 13015 (maintenance) |
|
||||
| Controls | Simple call/floor buttons, interlock with fire alarm |
|
||||
| Noise | < 50 dB(A) at car (below ground, minimal impact) |
|
||||
|
||||
### 7.3 Shaft Requirements
|
||||
|
||||
| Parameter | Specification |
|
||||
|-----------|--------------|
|
||||
| Shaft internal dimensions | ~1600 mm x 2000 mm (car + counterweight + running clearances) |
|
||||
| Construction | Reinforced concrete, integrated with cellar structure |
|
||||
| Pit depth | ~1200 mm below cellar floor (hydraulic buffer / overtravel) |
|
||||
| Headroom above ground floor | Per EN 81-20 (depends on car height + travel + safety margin) |
|
||||
| Fire rating | F90 shaft walls (DIN 4102 / EN 13501) |
|
||||
| Shaft door | T30 fire-rated at each landing |
|
||||
| Ventilation | Natural or mechanical ventilation at shaft top |
|
||||
|
||||
**Baufritz coordination**: The elevator shaft penetrates the ground floor slab and must be planned into the Baufritz structural design from day one. The shaft is reinforced concrete (part of the cellar structure), not timber-frame.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 8. Fire Safety and Separation
|
||||
|
||||
### 8.1 Fire Compartment
|
||||
|
||||
| Element | Rating | Standard |
|
||||
|---------|--------|----------|
|
||||
| Cellar ceiling (floor of ground floor) | F90 | DIN 4102 / EN 13501 |
|
||||
| Cellar walls (if adjacent to other cellars) | F90 | DIN 4102 / EN 13501 |
|
||||
| Datacenter door | T30, self-closing, smoke-tight | DIN 4102 |
|
||||
| All penetrations (cables, pipes, conduit) | Fire-stopped | DIN 4102-9 / EN 1366 |
|
||||
| Elevator shaft walls | F90 | DIN 4102 |
|
||||
| Elevator shaft doors | T30 at each landing | DIN 4102 |
|
||||
|
||||
### 8.2 Fire Detection
|
||||
|
||||
| System | Specification |
|
||||
|--------|--------------|
|
||||
| Primary | Aspirating smoke detection (VESDA or equivalent) — very early warning |
|
||||
| Alternative | Optical smoke detectors, 1 per 20 m2, ceiling-mounted |
|
||||
| Integration | Connected to house fire alarm panel and Home Assistant |
|
||||
| Action on alarm | Alert to phone + audible alarm + optional: automatic gas suppression |
|
||||
|
||||
### 8.3 Fire Suppression (Optional)
|
||||
|
||||
| Parameter | Specification |
|
||||
|-----------|--------------|
|
||||
| Agent | Novec 1230 or FM-200 (server-safe, no water damage, no residue) |
|
||||
| Design concentration | Per agent manufacturer (typically 5-7% v/v for Novec 1230) |
|
||||
| Room sealing | All penetrations sealed to retain agent concentration |
|
||||
| Pressure relief vent | Required (prevents overpressure during discharge) |
|
||||
| Hold time | >= 10 minutes |
|
||||
| If not installing gas suppression | Rely on VESDA early detection + manual response + portable extinguishers (CO2) |
|
||||
|
||||
### 8.4 Emergency Power Off (EPO)
|
||||
|
||||
- Red mushroom-head EPO button at datacenter entrance
|
||||
- Cuts all IT power (both A and B feeds)
|
||||
- Does **NOT** cut cooling (prevents thermal runaway on stored UPS energy)
|
||||
- Does **NOT** cut lighting (safe evacuation)
|
||||
- Key-switch reset required to restore power (prevents accidental restart)
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 9. Environmental Monitoring
|
||||
|
||||
### 9.1 Sensors
|
||||
|
||||
| Sensor | Quantity | Location | Protocol |
|
||||
|--------|----------|----------|----------|
|
||||
| Temperature (inlet) | 4 | Front of each rack, mid-height | Modbus / SNMP |
|
||||
| Temperature (exhaust) | 4 | Rear of each rack, top | Modbus / SNMP |
|
||||
| Humidity | 2 | Cold aisle + hot aisle | Modbus / SNMP |
|
||||
| Water leak | 4 | Under each cooling unit + low points | Capacitive / Zigbee |
|
||||
| Smoke (VESDA) | 1 system | Ceiling-mounted sampling pipes | Relay / Modbus |
|
||||
| Power (per-PDU) | 8 | Each PDU (2 per rack) | SNMP |
|
||||
| Door contact | 1 | Datacenter entry door | KNX / Zigbee |
|
||||
| UPS status | 1 | UPS unit | SNMP |
|
||||
|
||||
### 9.2 Home Assistant Dashboard
|
||||
|
||||
| Widget | Data Source | Purpose |
|
||||
|--------|-----------|---------|
|
||||
| Rack Temperature Map | 8x temperature sensors | Inlet/exhaust per rack, color-coded |
|
||||
| Total IT Power | PDU metering | kW draw, trending |
|
||||
| Per-Rack Power | PDU metering | kW per rack |
|
||||
| Cooling Status | Cooling unit Modbus | Inlet/outlet temps, compressor status |
|
||||
| UPS Status | UPS SNMP | Battery %, load %, runtime remaining |
|
||||
| Leak Detection | Water sensors | Green/red map |
|
||||
| Smoke Status | VESDA | Alert level (normal/pre-alarm/alarm) |
|
||||
| Physical Access | Door contact | Open/closed, log |
|
||||
| PUE (Power Usage Effectiveness) | Total power / IT power | Efficiency metric (target < 1.4) |
|
||||
|
||||
### 9.3 Alerting
|
||||
|
||||
| Condition | Level | Action |
|
||||
|-----------|-------|--------|
|
||||
| Inlet temp > 27 C | Warning | Push notification |
|
||||
| Inlet temp > 32 C | Critical | Push + audible alarm |
|
||||
| Inlet temp > 35 C | Emergency | Auto-shutdown non-essential servers |
|
||||
| UPS on battery | Warning | Push notification, start graceful shutdown timer |
|
||||
| UPS battery < 20% | Critical | Initiate graceful shutdown of all servers |
|
||||
| Water leak detected | Critical | Push + audible alarm |
|
||||
| Smoke pre-alarm | Critical | Push + audible alarm + prepare suppression |
|
||||
| Smoke alarm | Emergency | Fire suppression discharge (if installed), EPO |
|
||||
| PDU overload > 80% | Warning | Push notification |
|
||||
| Door open > 5 min | Warning | Push notification |
|
||||
|
||||
### 9.4 Remote Management
|
||||
|
||||
| System | Protocol | Purpose |
|
||||
|--------|----------|---------|
|
||||
| Server BMC / IPMI | Dedicated VLAN, HTTPS | Out-of-band management, remote console |
|
||||
| KVM-over-IP | Dedicated VLAN, HTTPS | Emergency console access to any server |
|
||||
| UPS | SNMP v3 | Battery monitoring, graceful shutdown trigger |
|
||||
| Cooling units | Modbus TCP or SNMP | Temperature setpoints, status |
|
||||
| PDUs | SNMP v3 | Per-outlet control, power cycling |
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 10. Physical Security
|
||||
|
||||
| Measure | Specification |
|
||||
|---------|--------------|
|
||||
| Datacenter door lock | Electronic (badge or PIN code), access-logged |
|
||||
| CCTV | 1 camera covering rack aisle, NVR stored on local NAS |
|
||||
| Cellar windows | Security glazing (P4A per EN 356) or eliminated in datacenter room |
|
||||
| Cellar external door | Multi-point locking, security-rated |
|
||||
| Rack locks | Key locks on front and rear doors, unique keys per rack |
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 11. Baufritz Coordination
|
||||
|
||||
### 11.1 Structural Integration
|
||||
|
||||
The cellar is a **separate construction phase** from the Baufritz house:
|
||||
|
||||
```mermaid
|
||||
flowchart TD
|
||||
A["1. Excavation\nDig cellar footprint + elevator pit"] --> B
|
||||
B["2. Cellar Construction\nReinforced concrete walls, slab, waterproofing"] --> C
|
||||
C["3. Radon Membrane\nContinuous with house membrane above"] --> D
|
||||
D["4. Elevator Shaft\nConcrete shaft integrated with cellar"] --> E
|
||||
E["5. Cellar Slab Cured\nReady to receive Baufritz house"] --> F
|
||||
F["6. Baufritz House Erected\nTimber-frame on cellar slab"] --> G
|
||||
G["7. Elevator Installed\nCar, guide rails, hydraulic unit"] --> H
|
||||
H["8. Datacenter Fit-Out\nRacks, cooling, electrical, cabling"]
|
||||
|
||||
style A fill:#4a4a00,color:#fff
|
||||
style B fill:#4a4a00,color:#fff
|
||||
style F fill:#1a3d5e,color:#fff
|
||||
style H fill:#1a5e5e,color:#fff
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Critical coordination points**:
|
||||
- Cellar slab top surface is the foundation for the Baufritz house — level tolerance, waterproofing, and radon membrane must be continuous
|
||||
- Elevator shaft penetrates the ground floor — Baufritz must design around the shaft opening
|
||||
- Electrical main distribution is in the cellar — risers must be planned into Baufritz wall/floor cavities
|
||||
- Fiber and Cat6a backbone risers from cellar to each floor — coordinate with Doppelboden cavity and ceiling void routing
|
||||
|
||||
### 11.2 Services Risers
|
||||
|
||||
| Service | Riser Route | Notes |
|
||||
|---------|-------------|-------|
|
||||
| Electrical (sub-board feeds) | Dedicated electrical riser | From cellar main board to ground floor + upper floor sub-boards |
|
||||
| Fiber backbone | Cable riser or elevator shaft chase | 12-core OS2 to each floor |
|
||||
| Cat6a structured cabling | Cable riser or elevator shaft chase | Bundles to each floor, then Doppelboden/ceiling void |
|
||||
| Heat recovery pipes (optional) | Insulated pipe riser | From cellar cooling loop to Plafotherm manifold in technical room |
|
||||
|
||||
### 11.3 Construction Checkpoints
|
||||
|
||||
| Phase | Checkpoint |
|
||||
|-------|-----------|
|
||||
| Excavation | Pit dimensions verified, elevator pit depth confirmed |
|
||||
| Cellar concrete | Waterproofing complete, radon membrane sealed |
|
||||
| Cellar concrete | Elevator shaft walls cast, anchor bolt locations verified |
|
||||
| Pre-Baufritz | Cellar slab level tolerance verified (+/- 5 mm) |
|
||||
| Pre-Baufritz | Electrical conduits cast into cellar slab for riser penetrations |
|
||||
| Baufritz erection | Elevator shaft opening integrated into ground floor structure |
|
||||
| Interior | Elevator installed and tested |
|
||||
| Interior | Main distribution board installed, all sub-boards fed |
|
||||
| Interior | Cable trays installed in cellar |
|
||||
| Interior | Structured cabling pulled and tested |
|
||||
| Interior | Cooling system installed (indoor + outdoor + piping) |
|
||||
| Interior | Racks installed, grounded, PDUs connected |
|
||||
| Completion | UPS commissioned, battery test |
|
||||
| Completion | Cooling commissioned, temperature verification under load |
|
||||
| Completion | Fire detection commissioned, test alarm |
|
||||
| Completion | All sensors connected to Home Assistant |
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 12. Datacenter Fit-Out Sequence
|
||||
|
||||
```mermaid
|
||||
flowchart TD
|
||||
A["1. Electrical rough-in\nMain board, cellar sub-board, conduit"] --> B
|
||||
B["2. Cable trays\nCeiling-mounted, perforated steel"] --> C
|
||||
C["3. Structured cabling\nFiber + Cat6a backbone, patch panels"] --> D
|
||||
D["4. Cooling installation\nIndoor units + outdoor condenser + piping"] --> E
|
||||
E["5. Rack installation\nPosition, level, anchor, ground"] --> F
|
||||
F["6. PDU installation\nA+B feeds to each rack"] --> G
|
||||
G["7. Power-up test\nVerify all circuits, PDU metering"] --> H
|
||||
H["8. UPS installation\nBattery charge, transfer test"] --> I
|
||||
I["9. Network equipment\nSwitches, router, firewall, patch"] --> J
|
||||
J["10. Environmental sensors\nTemperature, humidity, leak, smoke"] --> K
|
||||
K["11. Cooling commissioning\nVerify temps under simulated load"] --> L
|
||||
L["12. Home Assistant integration\nAll sensors, alerts, dashboard"]
|
||||
|
||||
style G fill:#1a5e1a,color:#fff
|
||||
style K fill:#1a5e1a,color:#fff
|
||||
style L fill:#1a5e5e,color:#fff
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Key checkpoints** (colored):
|
||||
- Step 7: Power-up test — verify all circuits, PDU metering reads correctly, UPS transfers without gap
|
||||
- Step 11: Cooling commissioning — run simulated heat load, verify inlet temperatures stay within ASHRAE A1 range
|
||||
- Step 12: Home Assistant — all monitoring live before production servers go in
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 13. Estimated Costs
|
||||
|
||||
### 13.1 Infrastructure (One-Time)
|
||||
|
||||
| Item | Estimated Cost | Notes |
|
||||
|------|---------------|-------|
|
||||
| Cellar construction (concrete, waterproofing) | 40,000-70,000 EUR | Depends on soil conditions, excavation depth |
|
||||
| Elevator (goods lift, 2-stop, hydraulic) | 25,000-45,000 EUR | Including shaft finishing, installation |
|
||||
| 4x 42U racks | 2,000-6,000 EUR | Depending on brand |
|
||||
| 2x precision cooling units | 8,000-15,000 EUR | Including outdoor condensers |
|
||||
| UPS (10-15 kVA) | 3,000-8,000 EUR | Including batteries |
|
||||
| Main distribution board | 3,000-6,000 EUR | Including sub-boards |
|
||||
| Structured cabling (fiber + Cat6a) | 3,000-8,000 EUR | Including testing and certification |
|
||||
| Fire detection (VESDA) | 2,000-5,000 EUR | |
|
||||
| Gas suppression (optional) | 5,000-12,000 EUR | Novec 1230 system |
|
||||
| PDUs (8x metered) | 2,000-4,000 EUR | |
|
||||
| **Total infrastructure** | **~93,000-179,000 EUR** | Excluding servers and networking equipment |
|
||||
|
||||
### 13.2 Annual Operating Costs
|
||||
|
||||
| Item | Annual Cost | Notes |
|
||||
|------|-----------|-------|
|
||||
| Electricity (10 kW IT + 4 kW cooling, 24/7) | 8,000-12,000 EUR | At 0.30 EUR/kWh |
|
||||
| Elevator maintenance contract | 1,500-3,000 EUR | Annual inspection + service |
|
||||
| Cooling maintenance | 500-1,000 EUR | Annual refrigerant check, filter clean |
|
||||
| UPS battery replacement | 500-1,500 EUR | Every 3-5 years (amortized) |
|
||||
| Internet (2x fiber ISP) | 1,200-3,600 EUR | Redundant connections |
|
||||
| **Total annual** | **~11,700-21,100 EUR** | |
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user